Neurotensin elevates hematocrit and plasma levels of the leukotrienes, LTB4, LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4, in anesthetized rats

Carraway, Robert E.; Cochrane, David E.; Salmonsen, Rebecca; Muraki, Koutarou; Boucher, William

doi:10.1016/0196-9781(91)90066-x

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…NT was originally isolated from hypothalamic extracts using a bioassay based on its ability to induce anaphylacticlike shock in rats, characterized by histamine-and leukotriene-mediated hypotension, increased vascular permeability and edema [22,23]. These observations led to our finding that NT is a potent stimulator of rat mast cell secretion both in vitro and in vivo [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

HMC-1 human mast cells synthesize neurotensin (NT) precursor, secrete bioactive NT-like peptide(s) and express NT receptor NTS1

et al. 2011

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

HMC-1 human mast cells synthesize neurotensin (NT) precursor, secrete bioactive NT-like peptide(s) and express NT receptor NTS1

et al. 2011

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“…We also demonstrated that NT can potently degranulate mast cells, releasing histamine and generating leukotrienes (7,8). Furthermore the nonpeptide NT receptor antagonist SR-48,692 specifically blocked mast cell histamine release in vivo and in vitro in response to NT (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Intravenous administration of NT to rats causes mast cell degranulation (7) and increases vascular permeability and levels of histamine and leukotriene C4 in the plasma (8); these effects can be inhibited by a specific NT receptor antagonist (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotensin is a proinflammatory neuropeptide in colonic inflammation

Castagliuolo¹,

Wang²,

Valenick³

et al. 1999

J. Clin. Invest.

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A growing body of evidence suggests that interaction of epithelial and immune cells via neuropeptides, hormones, and cytokines participate in the pathophysiology of diarrhea and intestinal inflammation (reviewed in ref. 1). Neurotensin (NT), a bioactive peptide (2) with a primary distribution in the brain and the gastrointestinal tract, has been localized by immunohistochemistry to endocrine cells (N cells) and neurons in the intestinal mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis of animals and humans (3). A wide range of biological activities has been described for NT with actions on the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, reproductive, and central nervous systems (3). The known intestinal effects of this peptide include trophic effects on small and large bowel, pancreas, and stomach; inhibition of small bowel and gastric motility; and stimulation of colonic motor activity (3). Studies in animals (3, 4, 5) and humans (3, 6) also demonstrate that NT may modulate fluid secretion in the intestinal tract and that its secretory effects in the ileum may be mediated through a nervous reflex in the enteric nervous system (5).Several lines of evidence indicate that NT may also participate in inflammatory reactions. Intravenous administration of NT to rats causes mast cell degranulation (7) and increases vascular permeability and levels of histamine and leukotriene C4 in the plasma (8); these effects can be inhibited by a specific NT receptor antagonist (9).NT also interacts in vitro with immune and inflammatory cells, including leukocytes (10), peritoneal mast cells (7), and macrophages (11,12). Although these studies point to a role for NT in inflammatory reactions, the possibility that this peptide participates in the pathogenesis of colonic inflammation has not been examined.NT exerts its effects by interacting with specific receptors (NTR) on cell surfaces. Two specific receptors for NT (NTR1 and NTR2), which belong to the seven transmembrane G protein-linked superfamily, have been identified and cloned (13,14). NTR1-mRNA and NT binding sites have been identified in the brain (15), small and large intestine of animals and humans (13, 15), human colonic epithelial cell lines (16,17), human blood mononuclear cells (11), and endothelial cells (18). Recently, we demonstrated the presence of NTR1 mRNA in the rat colonic mucosa, including colonic epithelial cells (19). We also showed that administration of the specific NT receptor nonpeptide antagonist SR-48,692 to rats attenuated colonic mucin secretion and mast cell activation following immobilization stress, indicating a critical role for NT in stress-related colonic responses (19).Clostridium difficile is the primary pathogenic factor of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in humans and animals The neuropeptide neurotensin mediates several intestinal functions, including chloride secretion, motility, and cellular growth. However, whether this peptide participates in intestinal inflammation is not known. Toxin A, an enterotoxin from Clostridium difficile, mediates pseudomembranous col...

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“…Mast cells were isolated from the pleural and peritoneal cavities of male >450 g Sprague-Dawley rats, purified to greater than 95% homogeneity by centrifugation through 22.5% metrizamide and counted using a hemocytometer as previously described [24,34].…”

Section: Isolation Of Mast Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the central nervous system, NT is thought to act as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator [19] while in the gut it has been shown to modulate gastric acid and pancreatic secretion and colonic motility [20]. In the immune system, NT has been shown to modulate IL-1 secretion [21], to stimulate macrophage phagocytosis [22] and to stimulate mast cell secretion both in vivo and in vitro [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%