Neurotoxic Plants

Furbee, Brent

doi:10.1016/b978-032305260-3.50053-8

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Najbolji se rezultati postižu uporabom aktivnog ugljena ako je do ingestije došlo unutar prethodna dva sata. Za djecu je preporučena doza aktivnog ugljena 0,5 do 1 g/kg, dok kod odraslih iznosi od 25 do 100 g. 10 Također se kao…”

Section: Prva Pomoć I Liječenjeunclassified

Patofiziološki mehanizmi djelovanja životinjskih i biljnih toksina

Manin

Jakovac

2023

J. appl. health sci. (Online)

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Povećanje incidencije otrovanja biljnim i životinjskim toksinima tijekom proteklih godina ukazuje na važnost poznavanja otrovnih vrsta na području Republike Hrvatske. Od otrovnih biljnih vrsta u Republici Hrvatskoj raste velebilje, kranjski bijeli bun, duhan, bunovina, crna bunika, bijeli kužnjak, crni kukurijek i jesenski mrazovac. Većina otrovnih biljaka pripada porodici pomoćnica (Solanaceae). To su biljke bogate tropanskim alkaloidima koji djeluju kao antikolinergične tvari. Imaju antagonističko djelovanje na muskarinske acetilkolinske receptore. S obzirom na široku rasprostranjenost navedenih receptora u ljudskom organizmu, pri intoksikaciji tim biljkama dolazi do poremećaja rada srca, inhibicije ili stimulacije lučenja pojedinih žlijezda, kao i poremećaja intestinalnog motiliteta. Jedan je od najpoznatijih učinaka pojava delirija i halucinacija koji nastaju zbog inhibicije muskarinskih acetilkolinskih receptora u mozgu. Opisane su i otrovne gljive, iako one pripadaju zasebnome carstvu. U našem području najvažnije su zelena pupavka i muhara. Ove gljive pripadaju rodu Amanita u kojima nalazimo dvije grupe toksina, falotoksine i amatoksine koji inhibiraju RNA polimerazu II i time onemogućuju sintezu vitalno važnih bjelančevina. Od životinjskih toksina opisani su toksini zmija, paukova i riba. Većina zmija otrovnica u Republici Hrvatskoj pripada porodici Viperidae. Naše su najpoznatije otrovnice poskok i riđovka. Njihov otrov sadrži hijaluronidaze, fosfolipazu A2 i metaloproteinaze. Od paukova opisani su crna udovica i smeđi primorski riječni pauk. Otrov pauka smjesa je monoamina, koji djeluju proalgetski, peptida s ekscitatornim učincima koji izazivaju nociceptivni odgovor. Završni dio osvrće se na ribe otrovnice, škrpinu i morskog pauka.

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Section: Prva Pomoć I Liječenjeunclassified

Patofiziološki mehanizmi djelovanja životinjskih i biljnih toksina

Manin

Jakovac

2023

J. appl. health sci. (Online)

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“…Through the 1700s, preparations of V. album root and rhizomes were used medicinally in Europe primarily for their emetic properties (Chandler and McDougal, 2014). In the folk medicine V. album is used to treat rheumatism, toothache, gout, herpes, trigeminal neuralgia, and catarrh, and as an hypotensive agent (Furbee, 2009;Ujvaŕy, 2010;Wiart, 2012;Roberts and Wink, 2013).…”

Section: R Acetosella L-red Sorrel Polygonaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The medicinal, and the toxic properties of white hellebore are given by the presence of steroidal alkaloids including proveratrine, cevadine, protoveratrine, jervine, veratramine, and veratridine, the last being the most poisonous of all. Some of the symptoms of intoxication with white hellebore are hypotension, bradycardia, and paralysis (Furbee, 2009). Similar to C. maculatum, the alkaloids presence in all plant parts gives the species sedative and anti-inflammatory properties, antihypertensive activity being also described, especially linked to the presence of protoveratrine A and B (Krayer and Meilman, 1977).…”

Section: R Acetosella L-red Sorrel Polygonaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

Turning Meadow Weeds Into Valuable Species for the Romanian Ethnomedicine While Complying With the Environmentally Friendly Farming Requirements of the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy

Grosu

Ichim

2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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The cross-compliance mechanism of the European Union (EU)'s common agricultural policy (CAP) makes the approval of the direct payments to the European farmers subject to compliance with the requirement to maintain the land in good agricultural and environmental condition. One of the obligations of the Romanian land owners and farmers is to avoid the installation of unwanted vegetation on their land plots. This vegetation is represented by some species of herbaceous or woody plants, annual or perennial, that spontaneously invade the agricultural lands, diminishing the production capacity of the cultivated plants. Included in this category are 10 meadow weeds, without fodder value or even toxic to animals: Arctium lappa L., Carduus nutans L., Conium maculatum L., Eryngium campestre L., Euphorbia cyparissias L., Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn, Rumex acetosella L., Veratrum album L., Xanthium spinosum L., and Xanthium strumarium L. Various and multiple uses in traditional medicine of these meadow weed species have been reported for Romania and other nine neighboring East European countries, i.e.

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“…Sural nerve biopsy shows segmental demyelinization without inflammatory infiltrate. Cerebrospinal fluid does not reveal abnormalities [46][47][48][49]. Otero et al [50] detected T544 in the blood of toxin-treated rats using spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods.…”

Section: Clinical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, there is no specific antidote for these toxins. Treatment consists of supportive care and physical rehabilitation [47,49,51]. Free radicals have been associated to demyelinization observed in certain types of neuropathies, including diabetic neuropathy [52].…”

Section: Clinical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity and Anticancer Potential of Karwinskia: A Review

et al. 2020

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Karwinskia genus consists of shrubs and small trees. Four toxic compounds have been isolated from Karwinskia plants, which were typified as dimeric anthracenones and named T496, T514, T516, and T544. Moreover, several related compounds have been isolated and characterized. Here we review the toxicity of the fruit of Karwinskia plants when ingested (accidentally or experimentally), as well as the toxicity of its isolated compounds. Additionally, we analyze the probable antineoplastic effect of T514. Toxins cause damage mainly to nervous system, liver, lung, and kidney. The pathophysiological mechanism has not been fully understood but includes metabolic and structural alterations that can lead cells to apoptosis or necrosis. T514 has shown selective toxicity in vitro against human cancer cells. T514 causes selective and irreversible damage to peroxisomes; for this reason, it was renamed peroxisomicine A1 (PA1). Since a significant number of malignant cell types contain fewer peroxisomes than normal cells, tumor cells would be more easily destroyed by PA1 than healthy cells. Inhibition of topoisomerase II has also been suggested to play a role in the effect of PA1 on malignant cells. More research is needed, but the evidence obtained so far indicates that PA1 could be an effective anticancer agent.

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Neurotoxic Plants

Cited by 12 publications

References 86 publications

Patofiziološki mehanizmi djelovanja životinjskih i biljnih toksina

Patofiziološki mehanizmi djelovanja životinjskih i biljnih toksina

Turning Meadow Weeds Into Valuable Species for the Romanian Ethnomedicine While Complying With the Environmentally Friendly Farming Requirements of the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy

Toxicity and Anticancer Potential of Karwinskia: A Review

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