Neutralization of four Peruvian Bothrops sp. snake venoms by polyvalent antivenoms produced in Perú and Costa Rica: preclinical assessment

Rojas, Ermila; Quesada, Lil; Arce, Vilma; Lomonte, Bruno; Rojas, Gustavo; Gutiérrez, José Marı́a

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2004.09.008

Cited by 68 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The MED was defined as the least amount of venom which when injected subcutaneously into mice footpad results in 30% edema with in 6 hours of venom injection. The thickness of each footpad was measured every 30 min after venom injection with a low-pressure spring caliper (Rojas et al, 2005). The ability of M. pudica extract in neutralizing the edema-forming activity were carried out by pre-incubating the constant amount of venom and various dilutions M. pudica plant extracts and incubated for 30 min at 37°C.…”

Section: Edema-forming Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitoxin activity of Mimosa pudica root extracts against Naja naja and Bangarus caerulus venoms

Meenachisundharam¹,

Priyagrace²,

Vijayaraghavan³

et al. 2009

Bangladesh J Pharmacol

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Aqueous extract of dried roots of Mimosa pudica was tested for inhibitory activity on lethality, phospholipase activity, edema forming activity, fibrinolytic activity and hemorrhagic activity of Naja naja and Bangarus caerulus venoms. The aqueous extract displayed a significant inhibitory effect on the lethality, phospholipase activity, edema forming activity, fibrinolytic activity and hemorrhagic activity. About 0.14 and 0.16 mg of M. pudica extracts were able to completely neutralize the lethal activity of 2LD50 of Naja naja and Bangarus caerulus venoms respectively. The present finding suggests that aqueous extract of M. pudica root possesses compounds, which inhibit the activity of Naja naja and Bangarus caerulus venoms.

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Section: Edema-forming Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitoxin activity of Mimosa pudica root extracts against Naja naja and Bangarus caerulus venoms

Meenachisundharam¹,

Priyagrace²,

Vijayaraghavan³

et al. 2009

Bangladesh J Pharmacol

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“…Además se debe tener en cuenta la naturaleza del antígeno y su toxicidad, así como la del antiveneno que se pretende producir (Heneine & Heneine 1998). En el presente estudio se utilizaron conejos albinos de raza Nueva Zelanda como animales de experimentación, los cuales fueron inmunizados con una cantidad de veneno de B. atrox que se encuentra por debajo del valor de toxicidad (DL50) reportado (Laing et al 2004, Rojas et al 2005) por lo que no se observaron reacciones secundarias en los animales que pudieran interferir con la producción de anticuerpos. A fin de garantizar la producción de altos títulos de anticuerpos en el suero, el veneno fue emulsificado previamente con adyuvante completo de Freund (CFA) para la inmunización primaria y adyuvante incompleto de Freund (IFA) para las dosis de refuerzo, co-adyuvantes ampliamente utilizados por su capacidad de localizar a los antígenos en la zona de inoculación durante un periodo de tiempo prolongado.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…A pesar de la efectividad en el tratamiento, se pueden presentar reacciones alérgicas tardías producto de la inoculación del antiveneno. En el caso de los antivenenos producidos en el Perú, el Instituto Nacional de Salud elabora un antiveneno botrópico polivalente mediante la inoculación de caballos con una mezcla de venenos de las serpientes B. atrox, B. brazili, B. pictus, B. barnetti y B. hyoprora, el cual resulta efectivo en la neutralización de los daños locales producidos durante el envenenamiento, pero presenta propiedades limitadas para reducir el edema y la necrosis (Rojas et al 2005). Así, se requiere de un mejor conocimiento de las propiedades inmunogénicas de los componentes proteicos de los venenos de serpientes, la cual puede lograrse con la aplicación de técnicas inmunoenzimáticas como el análisis por Western Blot y el ELISA (EnzymeLinked Immunosorbent Assay), en las cuales la reactividad de un antígeno es valorada cualitativa y cuantitativamente.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Inmunogenicidad del veneno de Bothrops atrox (Ophidia: Viperidae) y su evaluación por métodos inmunoenzimáticos

et al. 2011

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The immunogenicity of Bothrops atrox, “jergón”, venom was studied using ELISA and Western Blot methods, as well as cross-reactivity patterns against venoms of Bothrops brazili, Lachesis muta and Crotalus durissus. For this purpose, New Zealand white rabbits (2 kg aprox) were immunized with four 500 μg doses of B. atrox venom in a period of 90 days. Antibody production was followed using ELISA technique, and title of hiper-immune serum was determined at the end of immunization protocol. Additionally, electrophoretic patterns of venoms were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and venom reactivity against obtained serum by ELISA and Western Blot. Immunization schedule allowed a pronounced antibody production since day 20 of protocol. At the end of process, serum title was 256000, which demonstrated both efficacy and usefulness of the developed procedure. On the other hand, studied venoms showed a heterogenic protein composition according to their electrophoretic patterns, whereas cross-reactivity values of 23,7%, 4,0% and 1,8% were obtained between B. atrox venom and B. brazili, L. muta and C. durissus venoms, respectively, using immunoenzymatic methods. According to our results, this procedure constitutes an initial step for further assays directed to optimization in immunoserum production for envenoming treatment and development of kits for diagnosis and species identification of snakes.

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“…Rojas et al (26) demonstrated that equine-derived antivenoms were able to neutralize lethal, hemorrhagic, edemaforming, myotoxic, coagulant, and defibrinating activities associated with Bothrops sp snake venoms. Also, whole IgG molecules and Fab fragments derived from sheep antivenoms were able to neutralize local hemorrhage, edema, and myonecrosis induced by Bothrops asper venom (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the neutralizing potency of ovine antivenom in a swiss mice model of Bothrops jararaca envenoming

Ferreira¹,

Bastos²,

Pelizon³

et al. 2005

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Alternative sources of anti-ophidic serum are being investigated due to the secondary effects associated with types I and II hypersensitivity reactions. In the present study we raised and evaluated the protective effect of an ovine antibothropic serum in a Swiss mice envenoming model. Ovine antiserum was obtained by immunization with seven increasing doses of bothropic venom associated with adjuvants. The neutralizing ability was tested by the lethal activity (2 LD 50 ) neutralization and serum and splenic venom levels after antivenom administration to experimentally envenomed mice. The antiserum effect on local edema was also tested by injection of venom/antivenom mixtures into the mice footpads. Ovine antiserum neutralized lethal activity and also significantly decreased serum and splenic venom levels. However, this antiserum was not able to mediate any protective effect on edema triggered by bothropic venom.

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Neutralization of four Peruvian Bothrops sp. snake venoms by polyvalent antivenoms produced in Perú and Costa Rica: preclinical assessment

Cited by 68 publications

References 21 publications

Antitoxin activity of Mimosa pudica root extracts against Naja naja and Bangarus caerulus venoms

Antitoxin activity of Mimosa pudica root extracts against Naja naja and Bangarus caerulus venoms

Inmunogenicidad del veneno de Bothrops atrox (Ophidia: Viperidae) y su evaluación por métodos inmunoenzimáticos

Assessment of the neutralizing potency of ovine antivenom in a swiss mice model of Bothrops jararaca envenoming

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