Neutralizing based seroprevalence study of Toscana virus in livestock from Algeria

Sellali, Sabrina; Lafri, Ismail; Ayhan, Nazli; Medrouh, Bachir; Messahel, Nacer Eddine; Lafri, Mohamed; Charrel, Remi; Bitam, Idir

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102075

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102075

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Neutralizing based seroprevalence study of Toscana virus in livestock from Algeria

Sabrina Sellali,

Ismail Lafri,

Nazli Ayhan

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Epidemiology of Sandfly-Borne Phleboviruses in North Africa: An Overview

Sellali,

Lafri,

Garni

et al. 2024

Insects

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Eight sandfly-borne phleboviruses were found to circulate in North Africa. Phleboviruses detected in sandflies were Toscana (TOSV), Sandfly Fever Sicilian (SFSV), Sandfly Fever Naples (SFNV), Cyprus (CYPV), Punique (PUNV), Utique, Saddaguia, and Medjerda Valley (MVV) viruses, yielding an overall infection rate of 0.02–0.6%. Phlebotomus perniciosus and Phlebotomus longicuspis were the most common vector species in the region. TOSV seroprevalence in dogs from Algeria (4.56%) and Tunisia (7.5%) was low and close, unlike SFSV (38.1%) and PUNV (43.5%), which were restricted to Tunisia. SFSV (1.3–21%) and TOSV (3.8–50%) were the most prevalent among humans. TOSV was frequently detected and symptomatically confirmed in both Algeria (3.8%) and Tunisia (12.86%). Other sandfly-borne phleboviruses have also been detected but less importantly, such as SFNV in Morocco (2.9%) and Tunisia (1.1%) and PUNV (8.72%), CYPV (2.9%), and MVV (1.35%) in Tunisia. Their distribution was mainly northern. Overall, 15.9% of the healthy population were seropositive for sandfly-borne phleboviruses, with evidenced cocirculation. Noticeably, studies conducted in Morocco were mostly interested in TOSV in sandflies. Available data from Libya and Egypt were scant or historical. Further elaboration is required to check the sporadic detection of less-prevalent phleboviruses and fully elucidate the epidemiological situation.

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Epidemiology of Sandfly-Borne Phleboviruses in North Africa: An Overview

Sellali,

Lafri,

Garni

et al. 2024

Insects

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Toscana Virus in Wild-Caught Sand Flies in Portugal, Findings from the National Vector Surveillance Network, 2023

Amaro,

Zé-Zé,

Osório

et al. 2024

Pathogens

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Phlebotomine sand flies play a crucial role in both human and veterinary medicine, acting as vectors for Leishmania parasites and most known phleboviruses. In Portugal, the REVIVE program, a comprehensive national surveillance network under the Ministry of Health, has included sand fly surveys since 2016. REVIVE aims to identify existing sand fly species in the country, determine which pathogens are circulating among them, and provide actionable insights for prevention and control measures when necessary. In this way, annually, from May to October, health technicians collect sand flies across mainland Portugal with CDC light traps. The collected sand flies are sent to the Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research for species identification and molecular screening of pathogens. On 21 September 2023, Toscana virus (TOSV), a well-known phlebovirus in the Mediterranean region due to its capacity to cause neurological disease, was detected in a pool of 30 sand flies collected in Algarve, the southernmost region of Portugal. A 668 bp partial sequence of the nucleoprotein gene shows similarity with TOSV strains from Spain. To our knowledge, this is the first detection of TOSV in its vector in this country, having previously only been reported in vertebrate hosts. These findings highlight the important role of ongoing surveillance efforts in monitoring and understanding the dynamics of sand fly-borne diseases in Portugal.

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Neutralizing based seroprevalence study of Toscana virus in livestock from Algeria

Cited by 2 publications

References 46 publications

Epidemiology of Sandfly-Borne Phleboviruses in North Africa: An Overview

Epidemiology of Sandfly-Borne Phleboviruses in North Africa: An Overview

Toscana Virus in Wild-Caught Sand Flies in Portugal, Findings from the National Vector Surveillance Network, 2023

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