“…For example, INAA and data mining techniques were combined to assess the mineral composition of beef cattle feeds for discrimination purposes, in which Br, Ca, Cs, La, Sc, Se, Sr, Th, and Zn showed statistically significant differences. Here INAA shows 100% prediction accuracy of classification performances; INAA was used to characterize several essential, nonessential, and toxic elements (As, Ba, Br, Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Hg, K, Mn, Na, Rb, Sb, Se and Zn, and Sc) in medicinal plant seeds for baseline data, which is helpful for in vitro and in vivo medicinal research . Besides, agri-food, biological tissue, soil, plastic, medicine, and atmospheric particulate samples were reported to be analyzed by INAA. − However, INAA instrumentation is too expensive to attain and complicated to operate due to the radiometric risk; at the same time, the analysis time of traditional reactor INAA (Re-INAA) is too long due to the elemental decay period.…”