New Approach for Indoor Positioning With Wi-Fi Using Quadratic Antenna Arrays

Wi-Fi Access Point Design Concept Targeting Indoor Positioning for Smartphones and IoT

“…The new proposed IPS method [ 16 ] is reviewed here and its evaluation process is summarized [ 17 ]. The main idea is to divide the indoor hall floor into rows, denoted by , and columns, denoted by .…”

“…This study presents a complete design of the IPS system based on the technique in [ 16 ] and a continuation of the evaluation started in [ 17 ] is presented. The complete AP system design is completed and it is comprised of a microcomputer system, Raspberry Pi 4; a powered universal serial bus (USB) hub; two external Wi-Fi modules; the switchable antenna assemblies.…”

“…Specifically, such approaches are not suitable for modern IoT devices and device-to-device communications. Recently, a new method, based on orthogonal antenna arrays in Wi-Fi has been proposed [ 16 ]. The basic idea is to divide the indoor hall into rows and columns ( X and Y ).…”

“…As such, the Wi-Fi receiver receives two distinct SSIDs indicating its position right away without any additional overhead required. The proposed IPS technique [ 16 ] has been evaluated in [ 17 ]. However, the evaluation is based on using an off-the-shelf AP while manually changing the antenna array phases.…”

“…The rest of the paper is structured as follows. In the following Section 2 , the background material is presented, including the technique in [ 16 ], as well as the manual evaluation previously made. Section 3 presents the details of the new design of the antenna arrays.…”