New Aspects on Spark Ignition

Albrecht, H.; Bloss, W. H.; Herden, W.; Maly, R.; Saggau, B.; Wagner, Eberhard

doi:10.4271/770853

Cited by 29 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The electron temperature reaches values between 4 and 6 · 10 4 K, the maximal electron density is about 1.4 · 10 19 cm -3 , and the plasma diameter expands up to several hundreds of lm [7]. These are typical values for a breakdown at 1 bar.…”

Section: Experimental Partmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Quantitative investigation of material erosion caused by high-pressure discharges in air and nitrogen

Lasagni¹,

Soldera²,

Mücklich³

2004

MEKU

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Quantitative investigation of material erosion caused by high-pressure discharges in air and nitrogenSingle-spark erosion experiments were conducted in different pure metal samples. The samples were used as the cathode, and a platinum electrode was used as the anode. The sparks were produced at high pressure and room temperature, having at this conditions a breakdown phase (ca. 100 ns) and an arc phase (several hundreds of ls). The crater volumes on the different materials were correlated with several properties of materials, in view of different models of material erosion related to melting enthalpy, vaporization enthalpy and sublimation energy. It was found that the quotient between the eroded volume and the spark energy correlates well with a function of the energy necessary to heat the material up to the melting point and to melt it. The particle ejection model can be used to explain this process. Moreover, it was found that the crater shape is related to the surface tension of the molten material. These investigations may be relevant for the development of high-performance materials for electrode and contact applications.

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Section: Experimental Partmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…After the breakdown, an arc discharge follows, whose current was approximately 90 mA at the beginning and then decreases exponentially. Then, the electron temperature decreases up to 5000 and 6000 K [7]. The energy of the arc discharge can be calculated from the integral of the power -time curve:…”

Section: Experimental Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative investigation of material erosion caused by high-pressure discharges in air and nitrogen

Lasagni¹,

Soldera²,

Mücklich³

2004

MEKU

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“…Generally, wear is caused by the interaction of an electrical discharge with the electrode surface. The discharge can be divided into three phases: [1] The breakdown phase, in which the conductive plasma channel is established, followed by the arc and the glow phase, respectively. The last two phases are characterised by different electron emission mechanisms at the cathode surface.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four mechanisms have been discussed in order to explain electrode erosion: the particle ejection model, [1,2] erosion by evaporation [4] , sputtering [5] and erosion by oxide removal [6] :…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation Damage of Spark Plug Electrodes

et al. 2005

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Knowledge about the erosion mechanisms of spark plug materials is of fundamental interest for the development of materials with a high resistance against electrode erosion. Endurance tests were performed to study the wear behaviour of platinum, iridium, silver and nickel as electrode materials for spark plugs between 200 and 900 °C. Oxidation must be the dominating mechanism, irrespective of the material. Additional calculations resulted in the suggestion of a plasma‐assisted oxidation process.

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“…Flame initiation in a premixed mixture by an electric spark may be modeled as a two-step process; (1) flame formation and (2) flame kernel development [16]. Flame formation is always ensured with a successful breakdown because a high-temperature kernel is generated after breakdown [28,29]. After this formation, thermal diffusion dominates flame kernel development [7-9, 16, 30-32].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spark ignition of propane-air mixtures near the minimum ignition energy: Part II. A model development

Arpacı

Anderson

1991

Combustion and Flame

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A model is developed to simulate the kernel growth observed in the exprimental study of Part I. Kernel growth, described as a two-step process, initially involves a blast wave over a negligible short time followed by a diffusive growth with an electrical input power. The diffusive growth is formulated by an integral approach involving temperature dependent overall reaction kinetics and electrode heat loss. The model predicts the kernel growth mbly well with the measured spark power input. It predicts both ignition and nonignition kernel growth. The existence of a critical radius is also demonstrated. In addition, dimensional analyses are given to clarify the physical aspects of the critical radius and the characteristic radius of the blast wave. k/p.CpV,) Lewis number (= k/pCpDA) gas flow Mach number (u/c

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New Aspects on Spark Ignition

Cited by 29 publications

References 1 publication

Quantitative investigation of material erosion caused by high-pressure discharges in air and nitrogen

Quantitative investigation of material erosion caused by high-pressure discharges in air and nitrogen

Oxidation Damage of Spark Plug Electrodes

Spark ignition of propane-air mixtures near the minimum ignition energy: Part II. A model development

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