New binary paper/wood industry waste blend for solidification/stabilisation of problematic soil subgrade: macro-micro study

Ijaz, Nauman; Ye, Weimin; Rehman, Zia ur; Ijaz, Zain; Junaid, Muhammad Faisal

doi:10.1080/14680629.2022.2064905

Cited by 35 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Given that the correlation coefficient, R 2 , was higher than 0.96 in all cases, it can be inferred that the variations of permeability coefficients correlate with the red clay blending ratio. The slope of the straight line of Equations ( 6) and (7), or (8) can represent the influence of the red clay blending ratio on the permeability coefficient. The greater the slope is, the greater the influence of the red clay mixing ratio.…”

Section: Influence Of Red Clay Blending Ratio On Permeability Coeffic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equations ( 6)-( 8) correspond to the cement mixing ratio of 0, 3%, or 5%, corresponding correlation coefficients are 0.9834, 0.9748, and 0.9689 respectivel Given that the correlation coefficient, R 2 , was higher than 0.96 in all cases inferred that the variations of permeability coefficients correlate with the red c ing ratio. The slope of the straight line of Equation ( 6), (7), or (8) can represent the of the red clay blending ratio on the permeability coefficient. The greater the sl greater the influence of the red clay mixing ratio.…”

Section: Variation Rules Of Permeability Coefficient With Cement Mixi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The larger the soil disintegration rate is, the faster the destruction of the original structure of the soil will occur [1][2][3][4][5]. Unsuitable soils encountered along the highway or railway corridors often require additives to improve the water stability for re-use as subgrades, as shown by some researchers [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Permeability and Disintegration Characteristics of Composite Improved Phyllite Soil by Red Clay and Cement

Zhao

Yang

et al. 2022

Minerals

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The bearing capacity of the phyllite soil subgrade can be greatly improved by red clay, but the water stability of the modified soil is still poor. Hence, the blended soil has been found to be unsuitable for the construction of high-speed railways. This paper proposes an innovative scheme, by adding appropriate amounts of cement and red clay concurrently, to improve phyllite soil, which achieves a higher bearing capacity of the subgrade immediately after compaction, while also solving the problem of insufficient water stability. Laboratory tests of the permeability and disintegration characteristics of phyllite soils improved by cement, red clay, and both were carried out. The test results show that the permeability coefficient and maximum disintegration rate of soil can be improved effectively by using both red clay and cement. It was found that the optimal combination scheme is to add 3% cement and 40% red clay to phyllite soil by mass. Under the optimal scheme, the permeability coefficient, maximum disintegration rate, and disintegration rate of the improved soil decreased by 90.02%, 90.30%, and 99.02%, respectively, compared with the phyllite soil. The microscopic study shows that the mechanism of red clay blending with phyllite is that the finer particles of red clay infill the pores among the phyllite particles, thus reducing its permeability coefficient. The mechanism of adding cement to the blending soil mainly results from the production of hard-setting new materials and the formation of a cementation network among the soil particles, which not only increases the shear strength of the soil, but also reduces the permeability coefficient and the maximum disintegration ratio of the soil. This work makes full use of the complementary characteristics of red clay and phyllite soil and the advantages of hard-setting new materials, which will provide a new idea for soil improvement of the phyllite soil in the future.

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Section: Influence Of Red Clay Blending Ratio On Permeability Coeffic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Variation Rules Of Permeability Coefficient With Cement Mixi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Permeability and Disintegration Characteristics of Composite Improved Phyllite Soil by Red Clay and Cement

Zhao

Yang

et al. 2022

Minerals

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“…Untreated soils are types of loose, loosely compacted soils that can be unstable and can cause problems for building foundations. Construction on untreated soils can lead to serious consequences, such as cracks in building structures and foundations, also highlighting studies that identify zones of soil vulnerability characterized by lower soil strengths, Atterberg limits exceeding construction guidelines, and areas prone to sensitive soil conditions 1 – 3 . Common techniques for improving soils include deep soil mixing, stone columns, jet grouting, pre-loading and related methods, but these techniques may not be sufficient for some types of soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additives can include traditional stabilizers like lime, cement, fly-ash, fiber-reinforced cemented, coal wasted, and related additives 4 – 8 . A few researchers evaluated the role of novel stabilizers with low carbon footprint and how the current study fits into the broader context in soil stabilization 1 – 3 , 9 – 12 . Each of these materials has its own advantages and disadvantages, and it is important to study the differences between them to understand the best options for improving untreated soils 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro- and nano-Illite to improve strength of untreated-soil as a nano soil-improvement (NSI) technique

Cheraghalikhani,

Niroumand,

Balachowski

2024

Sci Rep

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Soil stabilization is a technique of improving the geotechnical properties of soils for various engineering applications. However, conventional stabilizers such as cement and lime have some limitations, such as high cost, environmental impact, and durability issues. Therefore, there is a need for alternative and innovative stabilizers that can overcome these challenges. This study introduces nano-Illite, a type of clay mineral, as a novel and effective soil stabilizer. Nano-Illite can form nano-cementation (NC) in soil, which is a process of enhancing the durability of various building materials. NC is also known as nano soil-improvement (NSI), a technique that has been developed in recent years. Four formulations of micro- and nano-Illite with concentrations of 0, 1, 2, and 3% were separately added to soil samples. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and the secant modulus at 50% of peak stress (E50) of the treated samples were measured and compared with the untreated samples. The results showed that 3% nano-Illite increased the UCS of soil by more than 2.2 times and the E50 by more than 1.5 times after 7 days of curing. Micro-Illite also improved the UCS and E50 of soil, but to a lesser extent. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed the micro- and nano-structures of the soil specimens and the performance of Illite as a nano-additive. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of nano-Illite in soil improvement as a NSI technique, and its potential to replace or reduce the use of conventional stabilizers. This study also contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms and factors that influence the NC process in soil.

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Development and optimization of geotechnical soil maps using various geostatistical and spatial interpolation techniques: a comprehensive study

Ijaz

Zhao

Ijaz

et al. 2023

Bull Eng Geol Environ

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New binary paper/wood industry waste blend for solidification/stabilisation of problematic soil subgrade: macro-micro study

Cited by 35 publications

References 22 publications

Permeability and Disintegration Characteristics of Composite Improved Phyllite Soil by Red Clay and Cement

Permeability and Disintegration Characteristics of Composite Improved Phyllite Soil by Red Clay and Cement

Micro- and nano-Illite to improve strength of untreated-soil as a nano soil-improvement (NSI) technique

Development and optimization of geotechnical soil maps using various geostatistical and spatial interpolation techniques: a comprehensive study

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