New Bioremediation Technologies to Remove Heavy Metals and Radionuclides

Bhatt, Jay; Desai, Snehal; Wagh, Nilesh Shirish; Lakkakula, Jaya

doi:10.1007/978-981-99-2489-9_14

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…This approach is not only environmentally sound but also preserves the ecological balance within their specific habitats. This assertion is corroborated by studies that have harnessed metal-tolerant bacteria sourced from industrial effluents ( Mishra et al, 2013 ; Bhatt et al, 2023 ). In our previous study ( Bowman et al, 2018 ), we isolated Pb-resistant bacterial strains, Klebsiella sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Metal tolerance and biosorption capacities of bacterial strains isolated from an urban watershed

Pagnucco,

Overfield,

Chamlee

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Rapid industrialization and urbanization have led to widespread metal contamination in aquatic ecosystems. This study explores the metal tolerance and biosorption characteristics of four bacterial strains (Serratia sp. L2, Raoultella sp. L30, Klebsiella sp. R3, and Klebsiella sp. R19) isolated from Saint Clair River sediments. These strains effectively removed various metal cations (As3+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Cr6+, and Ni2+) in single and multi-metal solutions. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays revealed strain-specific variations in metal tolerance, with L2 and L30 exhibiting higher tolerance. Surprisingly, R3 and R19, despite lower tolerance, demonstrated superior metal removal efficiency, challenging the notion that tolerance dictates removal efficacy. In single-metal solutions, R3 and R19 excelled at extracting various metal ions, while competitive binding in multi-metal solutions hindered removal. However, R3 and R19 retained higher removal efficiencies, possibly due to enhanced flocculation activities facilitating metal-ion contact. Comprehensive Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis highlighted the strains’ metal-binding capabilities, with novel peaks emerging after metal exposure, indicative of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed metal accumulation on bacterial surfaces and within cytoplasmic regions and revealed morphological changes and metal adsorption patterns, emphasizing the strains’ ability to adapt to metal stress. Scanning transmission microscopy (STEM) and EDX analysis uncovered metal accumulation within bacterial cells, underscoring the complexity of microbial-metal interactions. This study also confirms that the simultaneous presence of an aqueous solution may cause a mutual inhibition in the adsorption of each metal to the EPS resulting in reduced metal uptake, which emphasizes the need to select specific bacterial strains for a given metal-containing effluent. The differences in metal distribution patterns between Klebsiella sp. R19 and Raoultella sp. L30 suggest species-specific metal accumulation strategies driven by environmental conditions and metal availability. The heavy metal-removing capabilities and the ability to grow over a wide range of metal concentrations of the strains used in this study may offer an advantage to employ these organisms for metal remediation in bioreactors or in situ.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Metal tolerance and biosorption capacities of bacterial strains isolated from an urban watershed

Pagnucco,

Overfield,

Chamlee

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The soil rehabilitation process of microbes is carried out using mechanisms such as bioprecipitation, biosorption, bioaccumulation, bio-assimilation, bio-extraction, biodegradation, and biotransformation [58][59][60][61][62][63]. Some methods for fixing heavy metals and radionuclides are shown in Figure 4.…”

Section: Soil Bioremediation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical or physicochemical remediation can be used as a standalone method (when heavy metal concentrations are less than 100 mg/L), but it is more advisable to use it as a preliminary step before biological remediation. The latter approach allows for the removal of heavy metals from an environment with concentrations significantly lower, but exceeding background levels due to pollution [61].…”

Section: Soil Bioremediation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Contamination by Heavy Metals and Radionuclides and Related Bioremediation Techniques: A Review

Chernysh,

Chubur,

Ablieieva

et al. 2024

Soil Systems

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The migration of heavy metals and radionuclides is interrelated, and this study focusses on the interaction and complex influence of various toxicants. The rehabilitation of radioactively contaminated territories has a complex character and is based on scientifically supported measures to restore industrial, economic, and sociopsychological relations. We aim for the achievement of pre-emergency levels of hygienic norms of radioactive contamination of output products. This, in its sum, allows for further economic activity in these territories without restrictions on the basis of natural actions of autoremediation. Biosorption technologies based on bacterial biomass remain a promising direction for the remediation of soils contaminated with radionuclides and heavy metals that help immobilise and consolidate contaminants. A comprehensive understanding of the biosorption capacity of various preparations allows for the selection of more effective techniques for the elimination of contaminants, as well as the overcoming of differences between laboratory results and industrial use. Observation and monitoring make it possible to evaluate the migration process of heavy metals and radionuclides and identify regions with a disturbed balance of harmful substances. The promising direction of the soil application of phosphogypsum, a by-product of the chemical industry, in bioremediation processes is considered.

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Bacteria were unable to tolerate the radionuclides, while the halophilic fungi tolerated and efficiently remediated them

Azam,

Ali,

Chen

et al. 2024

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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New Bioremediation Technologies to Remove Heavy Metals and Radionuclides

Cited by 3 publications

References 61 publications

Metal tolerance and biosorption capacities of bacterial strains isolated from an urban watershed

Metal tolerance and biosorption capacities of bacterial strains isolated from an urban watershed

Soil Contamination by Heavy Metals and Radionuclides and Related Bioremediation Techniques: A Review

Bacteria were unable to tolerate the radionuclides, while the halophilic fungi tolerated and efficiently remediated them

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