New constraints on the timing of Early Proterozoic tectonism in the Black Hills (South Dakota), with implications for docking of the Wyoming province with Laurentia

Chemostratigraphy of Paleoproterozoic carbonate successions of the Wyoming Craton: tectonic forcing of biogeochemical change?

“…Notably, the genus Hadrophycus was ori- DeWitt et al, 1986DeWitt et al, , 1989. Inset (modified from Redden et al, 1990;Dahl et al, 1999) shows metamorphic grades in the Black Hills and Harney Peak Granite. Sampled localities: Boxelder Formation: 1 */Benchmark location; 2 */locality near Nemo cemetery; 3 */unnamed locality Â/ 0.9 mile northwest from the Steamboat Rock; Estes Formation: 4 */Estes Creek; Roberts Draw Formation: 5 */Forest Service Rd.…”

Production of carbonic fluids during metamorphism of graphitic pelites in a collisional orogen—An assessment from fluid inclusions

“…Archean basement is exposed only into two isolated occurrences along margins of this metamorphic core. Most of the metamorphic rocks were deposited as sediments in an ocean basin along a margin of a continental crustal block during the late Archean and early Proterozoic (Redden et al, 1990;Dahl et al, 1999). The original sedimentary sequence was dominated by black shales and deep-water turbidities.…”

Superposition of Four Generations of Folds and Development of Horse Creek Dome, Black Hills, South Dakota

“…1,780 Ma islandarc accretion to the south [8]. The (F 2 ) folds formed during east-west collision of the Wyoming and Superior provinces, in which this collision began at or before ca.…”

“…The (F 2 ) folds formed during east-west collision of the Wyoming and Superior provinces, in which this collision began at or before ca. 1,770 Ma and culminated with post-tectonic magmatism (the Harney Peak granite) beginning ca 1,715 Ma [8]. The emplacement of the Harney Peak granite formed major and minor domes, which deform and warp the structural features into parallelism with the granite [1].…”