New Diagnostic Tests for Pneumonia: What is Their Role in Clinical Practice?

File, Thomas M.

doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2011.05.011

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…23 Advantages compared with conventional diagnostic techniques include the opportunity to identify drug resistance, ability to recognize specific clones for epidemiologic assessment, possibility of testing for several pathogens at a time, ability to detect organisms that are unable to be cultured, and the fact that PCR is less affected by prior antimicrobial therapy. 23 Polymerase chain reactions may be a very useful tool in the detection of respiratory viruses, and for many respiratory viruses, PCR is now the most sensitive diagnostic approach. 23 Currently, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-cleared PCR can detect 17 respiratory viruses and 3 bacterial pathogens (Bordetella pertussis, C. pneumoniae, and M. pneumoniae).…”

Section: Polymerase Chain Reaction Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 Polymerase chain reactions may be a very useful tool in the detection of respiratory viruses, and for many respiratory viruses, PCR is now the most sensitive diagnostic approach. 23 Currently, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-cleared PCR can detect 17 respiratory viruses and 3 bacterial pathogens (Bordetella pertussis, C. pneumoniae, and M. pneumoniae). 24 Most recently, the FDA cleared a loop-mediated isothermal DNA amplification (LAMP) to detect M. pneumoniae infections.…”

Section: Polymerase Chain Reaction Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23,26 In a randomized controlled trial, use of a procalcitonin algorithm helped decrease duration of antimicrobial therapy and lowered antibiotic-related adverseeffect rates. 27 Procalcitonin appears to be most useful in ruling out CABP and thus identifying patients who do not need antibacterial therapy.…”

Section: Inflammatory Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27 Procalcitonin appears to be most useful in ruling out CABP and thus identifying patients who do not need antibacterial therapy. 23 C-reactive protein (CRP) is another marker of inflammation, however, CRP has limited diagnostic value for pneumonia. 28 Use of CRP has only been shown to be informative in ruling out pneumonia initially in the outpatient setting.…”

Section: Inflammatory Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Hospitalist Perspective on Treatment of Community–Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

Amin

Cerceo

Deitelzweig

et al. 2014

Postgraduate Medicine

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Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) is an important health care concern in the United States and worldwide, and is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditure. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent causative pathogen of CABP. Other common pathogens include Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Enterobacteriaceae, Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydophila pneumoniae. However, in clinical practice, the causative pathogen of CABP is most often not identified. Therefore, a common treatment approach for patients hospitalized with CABP is empiric antibiotic therapy with a β-lactam in combination with a macrolide, respiratory fluoroquinolones, or tetracyclines. An increase in the incidence of S. pneumoniae that is resistant to frequently used antibiotics, including β-lactams, macrolides, and tetracyclines, provides a challenge for the physician when selecting empiric antimicrobial therapy. When patients with CABP do not respond to initial therapy, they must be adequately reevaluated with further diagnostic testing, change in antimicrobial regimen, and/or transfer of the patient to a higher level of care. The role of hospital medicine physicians is crucial in treating patients who are hospitalized with CABP. An important focus of hospitalists is to provide care improvement in a way that addresses both patient and hospital needs. It is essential that the hospitalist provides best possible patient care, including adherence to quality measures, optimizing the patient's hospital length of stay, and arranging adequate post-discharge care in an effort to prevent readmission and provide appropriate ongoing outpatient care.

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Section: Polymerase Chain Reaction Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polymerase Chain Reaction Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inflammatory Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inflammatory Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Hospitalist Perspective on Treatment of Community–Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

Amin

Cerceo

Deitelzweig

et al. 2014

Postgraduate Medicine

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“…Biomarkers have shown to be very effective in aiding diagnosis and management of hospital patients with suspected systemic bacterial infections, including community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and sepsis [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a novel and effective marker of assumed bacterial infections that safely helps guide antibiotic therapy in acute respiratory tract infections (ARI) and sepsis in hospitals [5,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic evaluation of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic therapy in acute respiratory infections: a US health system perspective

Schuetz

Balk

Briel³

et al. 2015

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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Background: Whether or not antibiotic stewardship protocols based on procalcitonin levels results in cost savings remains unclear. Herein, our objective was to assess the economic impact of adopting procalcitonin testing among patients with suspected acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) from the perspective of a typical US integrated delivery network (IDN) with a 1,000,000 member catchment area or enrollment. Methods: To conduct an economic evaluation of procalcitonin testing versus usual care we built a cost-impact

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Health promotion, risk stratification, and treatment options to decrease hospitalization rates for community-acquired pneumonia in adults

Severson

Renstrom

Fitzhugh

2014

Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners

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Purpose Community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a serious illness and hospitalization for this illness is expensive. There is much the nurse practitioner (NP) can do to prevent and manage this illness. Data sources Review of current literature, medical/nursing references, and data from the healthcare utilization project (HCUP). Conclusions The use of health promotion, risk stratification, and current evidence‐based treatment guidelines can help to decrease hospitalization rates for CAP for adults. Implications for practice NPs are experts at health promotion and evidence‐based practice. Adhering to these practices and using risk stratification, NPs can help to further decrease hospitalization rates for CAP lowering healthcare costs related to this serious illness.

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New Diagnostic Tests for Pneumonia: What is Their Role in Clinical Practice?

Cited by 22 publications

References 65 publications

The Hospitalist Perspective on Treatment of Community–Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

The Hospitalist Perspective on Treatment of Community–Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

Economic evaluation of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic therapy in acute respiratory infections: a US health system perspective

Health promotion, risk stratification, and treatment options to decrease hospitalization rates for community-acquired pneumonia in adults

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