New early Eocene vertebrate assemblage from western India reveals a mixed fauna of European and Gondwana affinities

Smith, Thierry; Kumar, Kishor; Rana, R. S.; Folie, Annelise; Solé, Floréal; Noiret, Corentin; Steeman, Thomas; Sahni, Ashok; Rose, Kenneth D.

doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2016.05.001

Cited by 80 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The accompanying fauna must have been rich in small insects like Chironomidae, which are in fact the most common dipteran group in Indian amber. Furthermore, from Vastan and Tadkeshwar lignite mine bats [52], birds [53, 54], lizards [55, 56], and a number of mammals (summarized in [16, 57]) have been recorded which could have served as potential hosts for Leptoconops [58]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amber bearing sediments have been dated to early Eocene age (52–55 Ma) [12, 13, 14, 15] and more precisely, terrestrial vertebrate remains from between the two major amber layers in Vastan mine have been estimated at 54.5 Ma [16]. Thus, formation of the amber is within the collision estimations of the Indian subcontinent with the remainder of Asia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Cambay Amber Indicate that the Eocene Fauna of the Indian Subcontinent Was Not Isolated

et al. 2017

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India’s unique and highly diverse biota combined with its unique geodynamical history has generated significant interest in the patterns and processes that have shaped the current distribution of India’s flora and fauna and their biogeographical relationships. Fifty four million year old Cambay amber from northwestern India provides the opportunity to address questions relating to endemism and biogeographic history by studying fossil insects. Within the present study seven extant and three fossil genera of biting midges are recorded from Cambay amber and five new species are described: Eohelea indica Stebner & Szadziewski n. sp., Gedanohelea gerdesorum Stebner & Szadziewski n. sp., Meunierohelea cambayana Stebner & Szadziewski n. sp., Meunierohelea borkenti Stebner & Szadziewski n. sp., and Meunierohelea orientalis Stebner & Szadziewski n. sp. Fossils of species in the genera Leptoconops Skuse, 1889, Forcipomyia Meigen, 1818, Brachypogon Kieffer, 1899, Stilobezzia Kieffer, 1911, Serromyia Meigen, 1818, and Mantohelea Szadziewski, 1988 are recorded without formal description. Furthermore, one fossil belonging to the genus Camptopterohelea Wirth & Hubert, 1960 is included in the present study. Our study reveals faunal links among Ceratopogonidae from Cambay amber and contemporaneous amber from Fushun, China, Eocene Baltic amber from Europe, as well as the modern Australasian and the Oriental regions. These findings imply that faunal exchange between Europe, Asia and India took place before the formation of Cambay amber in the early Eocene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Cambay Amber Indicate that the Eocene Fauna of the Indian Subcontinent Was Not Isolated

et al. 2017

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“…Laminated lacustrine sediments overlying lignites in the Gurha Mine Based on characteristic pollen taxa the Gurha lignites appear coeval with those of the early Eocene Cambay Basin (~55-52 Ma), some 700 km to the south in Gujarat, which inter-finger with well-dated marine units (Sahni et al, 2004;Prasad et al, 2013;Shukla et al, 2014;Kumar et al, 2016). The Gujarat Vastan lignite successions are highly fossiliferous having yielded pollen Tapaswi, 2000, 2001), plant remains , dinoflagellates (Garg et al, 2008), marine ostracodes (Bhandari et al, 2005), marine fish (Samant and Bajpai, 2001;Rana et al, 2004;Nolf et al, 2006) and mammals (Sahni et al, 2004;Rose et al, 2006) including bats .…”

Section: Gurha Mine Section Northwestern Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flora is extremely rich and the plant fossils are well preserved. All taxa are characteristic of humid tropical and paratropical evergreen forests, and although megafossils of palms are lacking this group is well represented in the pollen record (Shukla et al, 2014;Kumar et al, 2016).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleogene monsoons across India and South China: Drivers of biotic change

et al. 2017

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A review of the non‐semiaquatic adaptations of extinct crocodylomorphs throughout their fossil record

Pochat‐Cottilloux

2024

The Anatomical Record

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Crocodylomorphs constitute a clade of archosaurs that have thrived since the Mesozoic until today and have survived numerous major biological crises. Contrary to historic belief, their semiaquatic extant representatives (crocodylians) are not living fossils, and, during their evolutionary history, crocodylomorphs have evolved to live in a variety of environments. This review aims to summarize the non‐semiaquatic adaptations (i.e., either terrestrial or fully aquatic) of different groups from different periods, highlighting how exactly those different lifestyles are inferred for those animals, with regard to their geographic and temporal distribution and phylogenetic relationships. The ancestral condition for Crocodylomorpha seems to have been a terrestrial lifestyle, linked with several morphological adaptations such as an altirostral skull, long limbs allowing a fully erect posture and a specialized dentition for diets based on land. However, some members of this clade, such as thalattosuchians and dyrosaurids display adaptations for an opposite, aquatic lifestyle, interestingly inferred from the same type of morphological observations. Finally, new techniques for inferring the paleobiology of those extinct animals have been put forward in the last decade, appearing as a complementary approach to traditional morphological descriptions and comparisons. Such is the case of paleoneuroanatomical (CT scan data), histological, and geochemical studies.

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New early Eocene vertebrate assemblage from western India reveals a mixed fauna of European and Gondwana affinities

Cited by 80 publications

References 74 publications

Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Cambay Amber Indicate that the Eocene Fauna of the Indian Subcontinent Was Not Isolated

Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Cambay Amber Indicate that the Eocene Fauna of the Indian Subcontinent Was Not Isolated

Paleogene monsoons across India and South China: Drivers of biotic change

A review of the non‐semiaquatic adaptations of extinct crocodylomorphs throughout their fossil record

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