New Geological and Structural Facts under the Lateritic Cover in Garga Sarali, Ndokayo (East Cameroon) Area, from Audiomagnetotellurics Soundings

Abstract

New geological and structural facts have been identified under the auriferous lateritic cover in Garga Sarali, Ndokayo area. Data were collected using AMT receiver system with frequencies ranging from 20 Hz to 50000 Hz. It consists of 16 AMT stations along 03 profiles, over Pan-African formations of East Cameroon. The wide frequency range enabled us to probe deep into the subsurface to obtain necessary information. Using Imagem software, coherency of data has been evaluated and only the data with a coherency below or equal to 0.7 have been considered. Two programs were used to map the subsurface. The pseudosections were obtained using IPI2WIN-MT, while geoelectrical sections were obtained using Stratagem Resistivity Plotter. Analysis of the curves of dimensionality tests shows that there is not always a complete superposition between the two telluric directions, translating the fact that the variation of the resistivity is not 1D, but rather 2D or 3D. Major features of 2D resistivity model from the respective profiles were identified. These features include a set of lower resistive formations going from the surface to 1000 m depth, lying on a set of resistive formations that appears at the surface and below the lower resistive formations. However, a very conductive layer was observed in depth in the three profiles. These facts show that the study area is made up of mixture of both conductive and resistive materials, suggesting a prolongation of the overlap between the Congo Craton and the Pan-African in depth to the north and the location of the CC/Pan-African limit above 4 ∘ N parallel accordingly. Deeper electrical discontinuities, interpreted as faults following a NE-SW trend, were highlighted. All these new data suggest that the study area underwent an intense tectonic activity with ductile to brittle deformations due to the presence of the BOSZ.

Multi-scale analysis and modelling of aeromagnetic data over the Bétaré-Oya area in eastern Cameroon, for structural evidence investigations

“…The contact between this schistous series and the gneissic and granitic rocks of the basement resulted in multiple fractures and faults (Gazel and Gerard, 1954;Soba, 1989). The litho-stratigraphic sketch proposed by our models, derived from the magnetic profiles and work of Mboudou et al (2017), is consistent with previous geological work that asserts that the Pan-African basement would be made up of migmatites and granitic to orthogneissic and biotite-rich rocks (Poidevin, 1985;Gazel and Gerard, 1954;Kouske, 2006;Ngako et al, 2003;Koch et al, 2012;Pepogo et al, 2019;Owono et al, 2019;Eno Belinga, 1984).…”

“…This contact between the granito-gneissic rocks and the Lom schists has therefore caused several fractures and faults, represented here by several intrusions: porphyroid granite (S = 0.029 SI), garnet gneiss (S = 0.026 SI), syenites (S = 0.035 SI). Our model agrees with previous geological (Poidevin, 1985;Gazel and Gerard, 1954;Kouske, 2006;Ngako et al, 2003) and geophysical studies (Koch et al, 2012;Owono et al, 2019). These intrusions were set up during the Pan-African orogenesis (Eno Belinga, 1984) and are present in our geological map (Fig.…”

“…The model from this profile is in accordance with previous studies (geology, seismic, magnetic etc.). We note intrusions from the Pan-African orogenesis (Poidevin, 1985;Gazel and Gerard, 1954;Kouske, 2006;Ngako et al, 2003;Koch et al, 2012;Owono et al, 2019;Eno Belinga, 1984), located in our geological map (Fig. 2).…”

“…The following structural domains can be distinguished in the Pan-African Belt north of the Congo craton (Toteu et al, 2004; The Pan-African formations of Cameroon belong to the mobile zone of central Africa (Bessoles and Trompette, 1980), also known as the Oubanguide chain (Poidevin, 1985). It is attached to the east to Pan-African formations of the Mozambican belt of sub-meridian orientation.…”

“…These major shears belong to the Oubanguides setback zone (Rolin, 1995), which runs continually from the Gulf of Guinea to the Gulf of Aden (Cornacchia and Dars, 1983). Geologically, the Pan-African mobile chain is composed of granites, schists, micaschists, and migmatites (Poidevin, 1985).…”