New insights in the pathogenesis and treatment of normal tension glaucoma

Mozaffarieh, Maneli; Flammer, Josef

doi:10.1016/j.coph.2012.10.001

Cited by 158 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…1,2 Altered ocular blood flow was reported to accelerate the development and progression of the disease in such patients; as such, not only elevated IOP, but also medical conditions that negatively affect ocular blood flow will obviously cause ischemia and reperfusion damage in glaucoma patients and in individuals prone to glaucoma. [3][4][5] Hemodialysis (HD) is an important component of the treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Some studies have reported the effects of HD on IOP, but the findings are inconsistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of hemodialysis on intraocular pressure

Kilavuzoglu¹,

Yurteri²,

Guven³

et al. 2018

Adv Clin Exp Med

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of hemodialysis on intraocular pressure

Kilavuzoglu¹,

Yurteri²,

Guven³

et al. 2018

Adv Clin Exp Med

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“…Growing evidence suggests, however, that oxidative stress resulting from FS may increase the risk of diseases such as glaucoma [99,113,114]. It is therefore worthwhile to summarize the present knowledge as nutritional and lifestyle changes with potential to reduce oxidative stress may benefit people with FS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnesium is a physiological calcium channel blocker that partially inhibits the effect of endothelin-1 [14] and improves blood flow [13]. A dosage of 10-20 mmol daily is recommended for adults to improve the regulation of blood flow [13,99]. For the patient, it is important to note that the different forms of magnesium contain different amounts of magnesium, and in case they are uncertain of the correct daily dosage of the particular magnesium supplement, they should refer to their pharmacist.…”

Section: Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional recommendations for individuals with Flammer syndrome

et al. 2017

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The Flammer syndrome (FS) describes the phenotype of people with a predisposition for an altered reaction of the blood vessels to stimuli like coldness or emotional stress.The question whether such people should be treated is often discussed. On the one hand, most of these subjects are healthy; on the other hand, FS seems to predispose to certain eye diseases such as normal tension glaucoma or retinitis pigmentosa or systemic diseases such as multiple sclerosis or tinnitus. A compromise between doing nothing and a drug treatment is the adaption of nutrition. But what do we mean by healthy food consumption for subjects with FS? The adaption of nutrition depends on the health condition. Whereas patients with e.g. a metabolic syndrome should reduce their calorie intake, this can be counterproductive for subjects with FS, as most subjects with FS have already a low body mass index (BMI) and the lower the BMI the stronger the FS symptoms. Accordingly, while fasting is healthy e.g. for subjects with metabolic syndrome, fasting can even dangerously aggravate the vascular dysregulation, as it has been nicely demonstrated by the loss of retinal vascular regulation during fasting. To give another example, while reducing salt intake is recommended for subjects with systemic hypertensions, such a salt restriction can aggravate systemic hypotension and thereby indirectly also the vascular regulation in subjects with FS. This clearly demonstrates that such a preventive adaption of nutrition needs to be personalized.

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“…There is no doubt that many though probably not all NTG patients are suffering from a disturbed blood flow and that a common cause for a disturbed OBF autoregulation are primary vascular dysregulations (PVD) which are frequently observed in normal tension glaucoma patients [27]. Flammer has postulated that even with normal IOP and regular blood pressure, OBF may be impaired in patients with PVD due to a disturbed autoregulation [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%