New Insights into the Microbial Contribution to the Chlorine Cycle in Aquatic Ecosystems

Dugat-Bony, Éric; Peyret, Pierre; Biderre‐Petit, Corinne

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39961-4_17

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…wetlands, streams and lakes, are likely recipients of sub-surface sources of Cl. At present, while Cl − measurements are common in limnic monitoring, there is, to our knowledge, no systematic data regarding Cl cycling of the separate aquatic Cl − and Cl org pools, and information on Cl cycling in aquatic systems is largely missing (Dugat-Bony et al ( 2016 ).…”

Section: Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine cycling and the fate of Cl in terrestrial environments

Svensson

Kylin

Montelius

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Chlorine (Cl) in the terrestrial environment is of interest from multiple perspectives, including the use of chloride as a tracer for water flow and contaminant transport, organochlorine pollutants, Cl cycling, radioactive waste (radioecology; 36Cl is of large concern) and plant science (Cl as essential element for living plants). During the past decades, there has been a rapid development towards improved understanding of the terrestrial Cl cycle. There is a ubiquitous and extensive natural chlorination of organic matter in terrestrial ecosystems where naturally formed chlorinated organic compounds (Clorg) in soil frequently exceed the abundance of chloride. Chloride dominates import and export from terrestrial ecosystems while soil Clorg and biomass Cl can dominate the standing stock Cl. This has important implications for Cl transport, as chloride will enter the Cl pools resulting in prolonged residence times. Clearly, these pools must be considered separately in future monitoring programs addressing Cl cycling. Moreover, there are indications that (1) large amounts of Cl can accumulate in biomass, in some cases representing the main Cl pool; (2) emissions of volatile organic chlorines could be a significant export pathway of Cl and (3) that there is a production of Clorg in tissues of, e.g. plants and animals and that Cl can accumulate as, e.g. chlorinated fatty acids in organisms. Yet, data focusing on ecosystem perspectives and combined spatiotemporal variability regarding various Cl pools are still scarce, and the processes and ecological roles of the extensive biological Cl cycling are still poorly understood.

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Section: Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine cycling and the fate of Cl in terrestrial environments

Svensson

Kylin

Montelius

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Several hypotheses have been proposed regarding the environmental roles of enzymatic chlorination. − For example, microbes may use the chlorination reaction to access resources by degrading refractory organic matter like lignin , or penetrating the lignocellulose barrier of their host plants . The chlorination reaction may also serve as a self-defense mechanism for certain microbes to mitigate oxidative stress via ROS conversion .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Disinfection-like Process Unveiled in Soil Microenvironments by Enzyme-Catalyzed Chlorination

Zhu,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Substantial natural chlorination processes are a growing concern in diverse terrestrial ecosystems, occurring through abiotic redox reactions or biological enzymatic reactions. Among these, exoenzymatically mediated chlorination is suggested to be an important pathway for producing organochlorines and converting chloride ions (Cl − ) to reactive chlorine species (RCS) in the presence of reactive oxygen species like hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). However, the role of natural enzymatic chlorination in antibacterial activity occurring in soil microenvironments remains unexplored. Here, we conceptualized that heme-containing chloroperoxidase (CPO)-catalyzed chlorination functions as a naturally occurring disinfection process in soils. Combining antimicrobial experiments and microfluidic chip-based fluorescence imaging, we showed that the enzymatic chlorination process exhibited significantly enhanced antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis compared to H 2 O 2 . This enhancement was primarily attributed to in situformed RCS. Based on semiquantitative imaging of RCS distribution using a fluorescence probe, the effective distance of this antibacterial effect was estimated to be approximately 2 mm. Ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry analysis showed over 97% similarity between chlorine-containing formulas from CPO-catalyzed chlorination and abiotic chlorination (by sodium hypochlorite) of model dissolved organic matter, indicating a natural source of disinfection byproduct analogues. Our findings unveil a novel natural disinfection process in soils mediated by indigenous enzymes, which effectively links chlorine−carbon interactions and reactive species dynamics.

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New Insights into the Microbial Contribution to the Chlorine Cycle in Aquatic Ecosystems

Cited by 2 publications

References 160 publications

Chlorine cycling and the fate of Cl in terrestrial environments

Chlorine cycling and the fate of Cl in terrestrial environments

Natural Disinfection-like Process Unveiled in Soil Microenvironments by Enzyme-Catalyzed Chlorination

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