New Jersey's paleoflora and eastern North American climate through Paleogene–Neogene warm phases

Prader, Sabine; Kotthoff, Ulrich; Greenwood, David R.; McCarthy, Francine M.G.; Schmiedl, Gerhard; Donders, Timme H.

doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2020.104224

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…44°N. During the Eocene (and early Oligocene), the section has a fossil record of dispersed pollen and staminate flowers with in situ pollen in eastern and western North America, Greenland, and Northern Europe (see e.g., Prader et al, 2020; Sadowski et al, 2020). During the late Oligocene, Protobalanus oaks reached western Siberia (Denk et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, the tectum is made up of the same basic elements, called rodlets or tufts, which form different sculpturing (Kohlmann-Adamska and Ziembińska-Tworzydło, 2000;Denk and Grimm, 2009a). Similar structures as encountered in Tricolporopollenites pseudocingulum are present in Quercus and in extinct fagaceous genera of Eurasia and North America (Crepet and Nixon, 1989;Denk et al, 2012;Grímsson et al, 2015Grímsson et al, , 2016bPrader et al, 2020). This pollen type has previously been reported from middle Miocene strata of Poland (Stuchlik et al, 2014) but has not been reported from coeval or slightly younger strata in Central Europe and Asia Minor, nor from Iceland (Denk et al, 2011;Grímsson et al, 2016a;Bouchal et al, 2017).…”

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of their wide stratigraphic range, dispersed pollen of Fagaceae have been widely used as stratigraphic markers (e.g., Krutzsch, 1957Krutzsch, , 1970Frederiksen, 1991). However, when exploring the evolutionary history of Fagaceae, the taxonomic resolution offered by light microscopy has not generally been sufficient to distinguish between modern genera of Fagaceae and extinct groups (e.g., Denk et al, 2012;Bouchal et al, 2014;Prader et al, 2020). Reliable taxonomic assessment and comparative investigation of modern and fossil pollen grains is possible only when adding electron microscopy to the conventional light microscopy investigation (Solomon, 1983a(Solomon, , 1983bMakino et al, 2009;Denk and Grimm, 2009a;Denk and Tekleva, 2014;Sadowski et al, 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

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New Fagaceous pollen taxa from the Miocene Søby flora of Denmark and their biogeographic implications

Denk

Bouchal

2021

American J of Botany

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The Fagaceae comprise around 1000 tree species in the Northern Hemisphere. Despite an extensive fossil pollen record, reconstructing biogeographic patterns is hampered because it is difficult to achieve good taxonomic resolution with light microscopy alone. We investigate dispersed pollen of Fagaceae from the Miocene Søby flora, Denmark. We explore the latitudinal gradient in Fagaceae distribution during the Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO) in Europe and the Northern Hemisphere to compare it with the Eocene Warmhouse and the present. Methods: We investigated dispersed pollen using light and scanning electron microscopy. We assessed biogeographic patterns in Fagaceae during two warm periods in Earth history (MCO, Eocene) and the present. Results: Eight species of Fagaceae were recognized in the Søby flora. Of these, Fagus had a continuous Mediterranean to subarctic distribution during MCO; Quercus sect. Cerris and castaneoids had northern limits in Denmark, and evergreen Quercus sect. Ilex in Central Europe. In a northern hemispheric context, Fagus and sections of Quercus had more northerly distribution limits during Eocene and MCO with maximum northward extensions during Eocene (Fagus, castaneoids) or Oligo-Miocene (Quercus sects. Cerris and Ilex). The known distribution of the extinct Tricolporopollenites theacoides during MCO included Central Europe and East China, while this taxon thrived in South China during Eocene. Conclusions: More northerly distributions during MCO and Eocene probably were determined by temperature. In contrast, fossil occurrences in areas that are arid or semi-humid today were determined by maritime conditions in these areas (western North America, Central Asia) during the Cenozoic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Fagaceous pollen taxa from the Miocene Søby flora of Denmark and their biogeographic implications

Denk

Bouchal

2021

American J of Botany

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“…Los cambios periódicos en la abundancia relativa de unidades de paleo-vegetación sugieren movimientos altitudinales que responden al cambio climático global (Prader et al 2020). Entre los hábitats tenemos los ecosistemas de montaña de América del Norte que albergan una diversidad de especies excepcionales y han sido fundamentales para la comprensión de los procesos que generan la biodiversidad en los ecosistemas terrestres.…”

Section: Biodiversidad De Américaunclassified

Efectos de la agricultura intensiva y el cambio climático sobre la biodiversidad

Reyes-Palomino¹,

Ccoa²

2022

Rev. Investig. Altoandin.

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Biodiversity is being affected by the overexploitation of natural resources, the increase of invasive species, climate change, intensive agriculture, and livestock farming. Among these, intensive soybean cultivation has displaced other products such as rice and wheat; intensive cultivation leads to increased use of agrochemicals, which generates severe socio-environmental effects, particularly on biodiversity. The objective of the study was to compile scientific literature produced on the loss of biodiversity caused by intensive agriculture and climate change, and within them the possible effects on the interrelationship between human beings and the environment. The methodological procedure was the systematic review developed in March 2021, using Boolean operators AND, OR, NOT with terms “biodiversity”, “climate change” and “agriculture” in the Scopus, Web of Science and Scielo databases. The results identified that there were at least 99 topics in Web of Science (99 topics), Scopus (155 topics) and Scielo (36 topics) that show the loss of biodiversity due to climate change and the expansion of intensive agriculture with consequences, not only in the regions surrounding the crops in question, but also indirectly in the mountain regions through the consumption of soybean in animals and derivatives in humans. It is concluded that biodiversity as a provider of food and disease prevention for humanity contributes to sustainability and, therefore, its preservation requires the adoption of aggressive public policies within the framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity.

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“…The Miocene was a time of modernization of the North American flora, having plant communities of nearly modern floristic character by the middle and late Miocene, as reconstructed from macrofloras and microfloras (e.g., Wolfe, 1966;Robichaux and Taylor, 1977;Wolfe and Tanai, 1980;Axelrod et al, 1991;Graham, 1993;Wing, 1998;Graham, 1999;Williams et al, 2008;Pound et al, 2011;Dillhoff et al, 2014;Baskin and Baskin, 2016;Prader et al, 2017Prader et al, , 2020, as well as phytoliths (e.g., Harris et al, 2017). The climate of Miocene western North America reconstructed from fossil plants was cooler than for earlier Epochs, with increasing seasonal dryness near the end of the Miocene, in part as a result of continued uplift in the Pacific Northwest of the Cascade Range and Coast Mountains of British Columbia, which contributed to the development of the modern rain shadow in the region (Graham, 1993(Graham, , 1999Reiners et al, 2002;Potter and Szatmari, 2009;Yang et al, 2011;Harris et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Miocene Red Lake macroflora of the Deadman River Formation (Chilcotin Group), Interior Plateau, British Columbia, Canada

Greenwood

West

Basinger

2020

Acta Palaeobotanica

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Despite early interest in Neogene floras, primarily Miocene sites associated with Mio–Pliocene volcanic deposits of the Interior Plateau of British Columbia, few systematic accounts of the Miocene macrofloras of British Columbia – or elsewhere in non-Arctic Canada – have been published since the pioneering studies of J.W. Dawson and his contemporaries in the late 19th century. In this report, the Red Lake macroflora from sediments of the middle Miocene Deadman River Formation exposed in the Red Lake diatomite mine north of Kamloops, British Columbia, is illustrated, and a preliminary assessment presented, along with a brief review of Miocene floras from British Columbia and the U.S. Pacific Northwest. The Red Lake macroflora contains rare Ginkgo leaves, shoots of Cupressaceae (Cupressinocladus, Metasequoia, Taxodium) and shoots and seeds of Pinaceae (Pseudotsuga, Tsuga), maple (Acer) seeds and leaves, Liquidambar (fruit), Trochodendraceae (Zizyphoides auriculata leaves, Nordenskioeldia interglacialis fruits), leaves of 4 species of red and white oaks (Quercus columbiana, Q. prelobata, Q. pseudolyrata, Quercus sp.), leaves of an alder (Alnus harneyana) and birch (Betula thor), chestnut (Castanea spokanensis), beech (Fagus pacifica), sycamore (Platanus dissecta), elm (Ulmus speciosa), leaves of unidentified taxa, fruits of Tilia pedunculata (Malvaceae) and fruits and inflorescences of other unidentified taxa, and leaves of a reed or rush (indet. monocot). The Red Lake middle Miocene climate reconstructed from leaf physiognomy was temperate and mesic, with mean annual temperature ~11–13°C, mild winters (coldest month mean temperature ~3°C), mean annual precipitation 170 −51/+73 cm/yr, and growing season precipitation ~92 cm, with moderate seasonality of precipitation (three wettest months ~51 cm vs. three driest months ~25 cm). The Red Lake flora shows similarities to middle to late Miocene floras from the U.S. Pacific Northwest (i.e., richness in oaks) but is of much lower diversity and lacks key elements common to many of the contemporaneous U.S. Miocene floras (e.g., foliage of Pinaceae esp. Pinus), and is missing taxa detected in the microflora, a pattern likely due to sampling effectiveness at the Red Lake Mine and sampling of different lithofacies for macro- and microfloras.

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New Jersey's paleoflora and eastern North American climate through Paleogene–Neogene warm phases

Cited by 9 publications

References 106 publications

New Fagaceous pollen taxa from the Miocene Søby flora of Denmark and their biogeographic implications

New Fagaceous pollen taxa from the Miocene Søby flora of Denmark and their biogeographic implications

Efectos de la agricultura intensiva y el cambio climático sobre la biodiversidad

The Miocene Red Lake macroflora of the Deadman River Formation (Chilcotin Group), Interior Plateau, British Columbia, Canada

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