New Progress on Binocular Disparity in Higher Visual Areas Beyond V1

Hao, Xiangwen; Gu, Yu

doi:10.1007/s12264-020-00538-y

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Stereopsis (depth perception), is the most advanced binocular function based on simultaneous binocular vision and fusion, which enables the perception of the world in three dimensions [1]. Stereopsis requires binocular motor alignment to achieve precise horizontal separation of two retinal images, known as binocular disparity [2,3]. Numerous studies have demonstrated that disparity-selective neurons are widely distributed throughout the visual cortex, starting from the primary visual cortex to higher-level areas like the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and inferior temporal areas in both the dorsal and ventral visual streams [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Deficits are Correlated with Impaired Stereopsis in Patients with Strabismus

Zhou

Yao

et al. 2022

Neurosci. Bull.

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In this study, we explored the neural mechanism underlying impaired stereopsis and possible functional plasticity after strabismus surgery. We enrolled 18 stereo-deficient patients with intermittent exotropia before and after surgery, along with 18 healthy controls. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected when participants viewed three-dimensional stimuli. Compared with controls, preoperative patients showed hypoactivation in higher-level dorsal (visual and parietal) areas and ventral visual areas. Pre- and postoperative activation did not significantly differ in patients overall; patients with improved stereopsis showed stronger postoperative activation than preoperative activation in the right V3A and left intraparietal sulcus. Worse stereopsis and fusional control were correlated with preoperative hypoactivation, suggesting that cortical deficits along the two streams might reflect impaired stereopsis in intermittent exotropia. The correlation between improved stereopsis and activation in the right V3A after surgery indicates that functional plasticity may underlie the improvement of stereopsis. Thus, additional postoperative strategies are needed to promote functional plasticity and enhance the recovery of stereopsis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Deficits are Correlated with Impaired Stereopsis in Patients with Strabismus

Zhou

Yao

et al. 2022

Neurosci. Bull.

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“…Binocular matching of orientation preference matures during the critical period for ocular dominance (OD) plasticity and is strongly dependent on visual experience (Wang et al, 2010;Gu and Cang, 2016;Levine et al, 2017;Hao and Gu, 2020;Li and Gu, 2020). Indeed, before critical period onset, individual neuron shows different preferred orientations between the two eyes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Closing the Critical Period Is Required for the Maturation of Binocular Integration in Mouse Primary Visual Cortex

Chan

Hao

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Binocular matching of orientation preference between the two eyes is a common form of binocular integration that is regarded as the basis for stereopsis. How critical period plasticity enables binocular matching under the guidance of normal visual experience has not been fully demonstrated. To investigate how critical period closure affects the binocular matching, a critical period prolonged mouse model was constructed through the administration of bumetanide, an NKCC1 transporter antagonist. Using acute in vivo extracellular recording and molecular assay, we revealed that binocular matching was transiently disrupted due to heightened plasticity after the normal critical period, together with an increase in the density of spines and synapses, and the upregulation of GluA1 expression. Diazepam (DZ)/[(R, S)-3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl) propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP)] could reclose the extended critical period, and rescue the deficits in binocular matching. Furthermore, the extended critical period, alone, with normal visual experience is sufficient for the completion of binocular matching in amblyopic mice. Similarly, prolonging the critical period into adulthood by knocking out Nogo-66 receptor can prevent the normal maturation of binocular matching and depth perception. These results suggest that maintaining an optimal plasticity level during adolescence is most beneficial for the systemic maturation. Extending the critical period provides new clues for the maturation of binocular vision and may have critical implications for the treatment of amblyopia.

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