New Quadrivalent HPV Vaccine Developments

Abstract

Human papillomavirus infection is the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease in the world and is responsible for cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancers, as well as genital warts. A vaccine against HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18 has been available since 2006 and has been approved for the prevention of cervical cancer, cervical precancers, and genital warts. Recently, the vaccine also received approval for the prevention of vulvar and vaginal cancers in women aged 9 to 26 years. Although Guillain-Barré syndrome and death have been reported in women who received the vaccine, an analysis of available data by the US Food and Drug Administration found no association between the vaccine and these adverse events. Since post-vaccination syncope is common among young women, providers should ensure that patients remain seated when vaccinated and under observation for at least 15 minutes following vaccination.

Comparative immunogenicity and safety of human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 vaccine and HPV-6/11/16/18 vaccine

“…1,5 Two prophylactic HPV vaccines, Cervarix ® (HPV- The HPV-6/11/16/18 vaccine contains L1 VLPs for HPV types 6 and 11, which cause genital warts, and 16 and 18, and is formulated with a proprietary amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate (AAHS) adjuvant. 8,9 In the short to medium term, clinical studies have shown both vaccines to be highly efficacious against persistent HPV-16/18 infection and their associated precancerous lesions. [10][11][12][13] Protection has been demonstrated for up to 6.4 y post-vaccination for the HPV-16/18 vaccine 10,13-15 and up to 5 y post-vaccination for the licensed formulation of the HPV-6/11/16/18 vaccine, 12,[16][17][18] although there has been a longer follow-up with a prototype HPV-16 monovalent vaccine.…”

Nuevos paradigmas y desafíos en la prevención y control del cáncer de cuello uterino en América Latina

“…69 El costo actual de las vacunas hace inviable su promoción poblacional en países pobres y de ingresos medios. A la fecha la mayoría de los países desarrollados han iniciado programas de vacunación universal en niñas adolescentes, pero muy pocos países de América Latina los han iniciado.…”

Innovative vaccine production technologies: The evolution and value of vaccine production technologies

“…Since Edward Jenner's pioneered the concept of vaccination with a smallpox vaccine in 1796, the suppression and control of a wide range of epidemic and pandemic infectious diseases has effectively been accomplished with vaccines (Bernstein, 2007;Heaton and Ciarlet, 2007;Matson, 2006;O'Ryan, 2007;Tovar and Bazaldua, 2008;Zimmerman, 2007). However, vaccines are not yet available for important deadly diseases such as malaria, AIDS and hepatitis C, and there is a clear need for a more efficacious vaccine against tuberculosis, a major cause of illness and death despite the widespread use of Bacillus Clamette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine.…”

“…However, vaccines are not yet available for important deadly diseases such as malaria, AIDS and hepatitis C, and there is a clear need for a more efficacious vaccine against tuberculosis, a major cause of illness and death despite the widespread use of Bacillus Clamette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. In addition, every year an estimated 2.5 million people worldwide die from vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs), reflecting the underuse of available vaccines (Tovar and Bazaldua, 2008). Most deaths induced by VPDs occur in developing areas, which have low vaccine coverage rates due to low income, lack of medical infrastructure, lack of cold chain facilities, etc.…”

“…Innovations aimed at improving vaccine coverage in low-income regions include the development of high-yield production technologies to reduce COGs, the development of vaccines that only require one or two shots, the use of efficient adjuvant and/or drug delivery systems to reduce the number of clinic visits required, the development of heat-stabilized technology to preclude the need for cold chain systems, and the development of combination vaccines to increase the vaccination rate (Di Fabio and de Quadros, 2001;Pichichero and Stonehocker Quick, 2003;Tovar and Bazaldua, 2008). For developed countries, innovative vaccine technologies have enabled the development of safer, more effective vaccines that are easier to administer.…”