New Rules for the Old Game of Porous Micro- and Nanoparticle Synthesis

Abstract

The field of research focused on the synthesis of micro- and nanoparticles has not yet conclusively addressed the challenges presented by the hierarchical control of surface topography. An established approach to hierarchical multicomposite nanostructured particles is based on template-directed synthesis, while spectacular advances have been reached in nanoparticle fabrication based on a variety of physicochemical processes. These results exemplify an additive route to hierarchical control, where multiple layers are stacked onto each other or where discretely identifiable particles are assembled into a larger spherical conglomerate. We present here a new strategy for the synthesis of micro- and nanoparticles, which we refer to as "textured isomorphic synthesis", that uses only the toolbox of inorganic chemistry coupled to the physics of cavitation, viscous fingering, and bubble nucleation. The results illustrate a topological route to hierarchical control of particle topography where dimples or holes are deterministically introduced on a planar substrate later transformed into isomorphic hollow spherical micro- and nanostructures.

SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL HIGHLY POROUS CuS GOLF BALLS BY HYDROTHERMAL METHOD AND THEIR APPLICATION IN AMMONIA GAS SENSING

“…The average diameter of golf balls is about 2µm. The information process of CuS golf balls is belong to the template-directed synthesis approach [15] , here the soft template is PVP. The information mechanism of golf balls in the presence of PVP is to be further studied in the future.…”

“…The golf balls maybe have high surface area [15] , which may favor in potential application in gas sensor because they can provide more active sites in the three-dimensional hollow structure [23] . The new CuS golf balls we have synthesized provide opportunities for investigating their optical and gas-sensing properties.…”

“…Golf ball emerged in the early 1900s is unique, which has a hollow core and hierarchically organized surface topographies with arrays of dimples and indentations. The geometrical array of dimples (indentations) influences the aerodynamic flowfield [15] by modifying the boundary layer from laminar to turbulent, delaying the separation of the boundary layer and ultimately results in a reduction in drag force [16] . Due to a special microstructure, the prototype of golf balls attracts considerably scientific and technological interest and offers far-reaching potential for the synthesis of novel types of hollow or partly filled micro-and nanoparticles with similar dimples or holes.…”

“…For example, a new templating method referred as textured isomorphic synthesis was reported to synthesize highly porous Cu/CuO golf balls in highly viscous solutions. The procedure undergoes three stages: synthesis of anodized rational alumina templates, conformal copper metallization of the alumina templates and treatment with phosphoric acid at high temperature [15] .…”

Syntheses of nanostructured Cu- and Ni-based micro-assemblies with selectable 3-D hierarchical biogenic morphologies

“…Copper-bearing and nickel-bearing nanostructured microassemblies are attractive for a variety of electrical, structural, chemical, sensing, magnetic, optical, and energy storage/harvesting applications (e.g., for field emission, lightning strike protection of composites, catalysis, water purification, gas sensing, photodetection, batteries, fuel cells, photovoltaic cells). [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] While numerous methods for fabricating nanostructured assemblies have been reported, the ability to generate freestanding nanostructured Cu-or Ni-based micro-assemblies with a wide range of selectable 3-D shapes and hierarchicallypatterned features in a readily scalable and reproducible manner remains a difficult challenge.…”