New semantic media and 3D architectural models representation

Abstract

By some time, the scientific community wonders about some other possible applications of 3D models to the practices of the project, the survey, the conservation and the communication. The recent and continuous developments of technology allow to design new techniques for data processing. In particular, the process of information integration involves all areas mentioned before: from BIM systems (Building Information Modeling) to GIS software (Geographic Information System). Sometimes they are shareware software, such as ArchiCAD and Revit, some other times open source software, freely editable and expandable according to the specific requirements of users, that allow multiple processes at different levels of abstraction: from symbolic/diagrammatic representations to iconic and isomorphic ones. The aim of the study, conducted in collaboration with the MAP Gamsau Laboratory in Marseille, is for a new analysis method and a new use of 3D models of the built heritage, first investigating the necessary characteristics to identify each architectural element to compile a database: from its morphology, to the hierarchical relationships, class and topological ones, and the nomenclature; secondly a strategy of representation that allows the use of the model, intended as a cognitive system, which uses conceptual graphs to navigate simultaneously the semantic layer and the 3D model. In particular, this methodology has been applied to the 3D model of the Centre Pompidou and to the Château Comtal one, taking advantage of the open-source platform "Nubes Visum" currently being developed at the MAP Gamsau Laboratory in Marseille. Semantic models, Information Systems, Database, Morphology, Topology I. DIGITAL MODELS. GEOMETRICAL DESCRIPTION AND REPRESENTATIONTechnologies and techniques used for architectural representation have, over time, established multiple modes of modeling the reality and to design. These are processes that can be compared in very different ways with the concept of similarity with reality [1]. The model, the perspective, as a twodimensional representation evoking the third dimension, which contributed to the birth of the profession of architect during the Renaissance, as well as, over time, the wide range of drawings from sketches, to axonometric representations, rather than double orthogonal projections and, today, three-dimensional digital models are important mediums for design and communication: they, in fact, can be used to evaluate formal, structural or functional hypotheses, relationships with the environment and at the same time can be used to show the project contents to the public: from clients to construction companies and to institutions. These models can be sometimes iconic and isomorphic with reality that are representing, sometimes they can be symbolic and non-isomorphic, or analogous to the real ones, and some other times they can be diagrammatic, in the form of graphic representations. In the purely applicative field, the evolution of threedimensional models, from analog to digital, over time h...

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