New Single-Layered Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices for the Analysis of Nitrite and Glucose Built via Deposition of Adhesive Tape

Abstract

A simple, low-cost technique has been developed for the rapid fabrication of single-layered paper-based microfluidic devices (μPADs). This technique, for the first time, made use of the deposition of patterned adhesive tape into the filter paper to construct hydrophobic barriers, with the help of toluene. Unlike other reported multi-layered μPADs that merely made use of adhesive tape as a separate layer for sealing or fluid flow controlling, the patterned adhesive tape was simultaneously dissolved and penetrated into the filter paper, which resulted in the successful transfer of the pattern from the tape to the filter paper. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, nitrite and glucose were individually measured; detection limits as low as 0.015 ± 0.004 mM and 0.022 ± 0.006 mM were reported for nitrite and glucose, respectively. Multiplexed analysis of both analytes was also carried out with respective detection limits of 0.048 ± 0.005 mM and 0.025 ± 0.006 mM for nitrite and glucose. The application of the method was demonstrated by measuring nitrite and glucose in spiked artificial urine samples and satisfied recovery results were obtained.

Lab-on-Paper Devices for Diagnosis of Human Diseases Using Urine Samples—A Review

“…Urine has many advantages as a biomedical sample, including natural abundance, noninvasiveness and biological richness. Consequently, many microfluidic lab-on-paper platforms for urine analysis and disease detection have been proposed in recent years [100,108,164,165]. Many devices have also been successfully commercialized around the world, including the HiPee S2 smart urine analyzer (Tianjin Guo-Shih Tech.…”

“…Many lab-on-paper platforms with integrated colorimetric detection [97][98][99][100][101] have been proposed for determining the glucose concentration in human urine samples. de Oliveira et al [102] developed 2D and 3D lab-on-paper platforms for the integrated colorimetric detection of glucose, total protein and nitrite in serum and artificial urine.…”

Colorimetric Paper-Based Device for Hazardous Compounds Detection in Air and Water: A Proof of Concept

“…Each area was selected using the wand tool, which automatically found the edge of an object and traced its shape. The gray intensity of the outlined area was measured by selecting “Analyze” → “Measure.” Then, the RGB channel was selected with the highest sensitivity for the metal detection according to Yu et al [ 47 ]. The blue channel was selected for both metal cations¸ the red channel for NH 3 and green channel for C 2 H 4 O were selected.…”

Recent advances in paper‐based preconcentrators by utilizing ion concentration polarization

“…There are still some limitations in the diagnosis, such as the relatively large detection instrument. Yu et al [101] and Lee's group [98,99] patterned the Nafion membrane on the tape, and penetrated the tape into the paper to form a hydrophobic barrier. The patterned Nafion membrane was transferred from the tape as a preconcentrator (as shown in Figure 5) and the LOD of glucose, nitrite, etc., was determined.…”