New technology for preparing energetic materials by nanofiltration membrane (NF): rapid and efficient preparation of high-purity ammonium dinitramide (ADN)

Ammonium dinitramide (ADN), as a novel and environmentally friendly oxidizer, has strong hygroscopicity when exposed to high-humidity air, which seriously hinders its application in solid propellants. Modification of oxidizers by cocrystallization is an effective strategy to improve the hygroscopicity of energetic components. In this paper, the theoretical simulation of ADN/CL-20 cocrystals was developed via a directional hydrogen bonding design to establish a cocrystal with improved hygroscopicity. Intermolecular interaction analyses reveal that hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions synergistically lead to the formation of cocrystals. The ADN/CL-20 cocrystal was prepared experimentally by the spray drying self-assembly technique, and the corresponding thermal analysis and sensitivity properties were conducted to illustrate the thermal stability and high safety. Furthermore, the critical relative humidity (CRH) measurement was carried out to evaluate the hygroscopicity of the cocrystal, exhibiting a certain degree of antihygroscopic effect with a CRH of 65%. The hydrogen bonds formed between ADN and CL-20 saturate the ammonium ions of ADN, further preventing ADN from absorbing water molecules in the air. The ADN/CL-20 cocrystal has high specific impulse characteristics (I sp : 272.6 s). Accordingly, this work clearly demonstrates that the ADN/CL-20 cocrystal is expected to be used in a solid propellant to make up for the deficiency of the ADN oxidizer.

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New technology for preparing energetic materials by nanofiltration membrane (NF): rapid and efficient preparation of high-purity ammonium dinitramide (ADN)

Abstract: NF was used for the purification of ADN synthesized. The optimal process conditions for 600D NF membrane were 2 MPa pressure, 25 °C, and dilution of the feed solution by one time.The purity of ADN reaches 99.8%, and the recovery rate reaches 99%.

Cited by 4 publications

References 55 publications

Synthesis of energetic materials by microfluidics

Synthesis of energetic materials by microfluidics

Exploring the hygroscopic behavior of highly energetic oxidizer ammonium dinitramide (ADN) at different temperatures and humidities using an innovative hygroscopic modeling

Construction and Preparation of the Novel ADN/CL-20 Cocrystal via Directional Hydrogen Bonding Design for Turning Hygroscopicity

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