New Trichoderma Asperellum Multirecycled Biologic for Spring Soft Wheat Rhizosphere: Protecting From Diseases and Increasing Soil Suppressiveness in West Siberia Conditions

Abstract

Contemporary polyfunctional biologics using contributes to the soil suppressiveness increasing, improves the agroecosystems phytosanitary conditions and yields increases. The research goal was to biologically justify the new multirecycled biologic’s prototype based on Trichoderma asperellum T-36 in protecting spring soft wheat from diseases and increasing soil suppressiveness in West Siberia. The tasks were solved on the new multirecycled substrate-associated granular polyfunctional biologic (MSAPB, G) prototype developing; 2 years field trials data evaluating and statistically processing on phytoregulatory activity and field efficacy of prototype in spring soft wheat cultivation; total and induced soil suppressive activity estimating on natural and artificial infection backgrounds with T. asperellum T-36 involving. In 2 series field trials the prototype demonstrated phytoregulatory activity: biometric indices of wheat plants development under its influence reliably (p ≤ 0.05) 1.4 times exceeded the control ones. Biological efficacy against soil pathogens was 33–56, 41–59 %; in the development of leaf-stem infections 25–50, 30–98 % for template reference – Sternyphage, WP (wettable powder) and for MSAPB, G prototype respectively. From tube emergence to milk ripeness, the highest soil activity in rhizosphere under the prototype influence was reliably (p ≤ 0.01) 2 times higher than the control one. High total soil suppressiveness, as well as forming and strengthening of induced suppressiveness by protective biologics application in all phases of wheat plants development were shown. Successions were revealed in wheat holobiont development from 0 day up to vegetation end, caused by the absence of significant similarity in rhizosphere microbiota complexes in dynamics.