New Vascular Graft Using the Decellularized Human Chorion Membrane

Abstract

The increase of both arterial occlusive diseases and coronary heart diseases leads to a higher demand for small-diameter vascular grafts (<6 mm). The gold standard for small-diameter vessel replacement is the use of autologous veins. Nevertheless, up to 30% of these patients need to use vascular grafts. Although synthetic polymers have been successfully used for the replacement of large-diameter vascular grafts (>6 mm), they are associated with thrombosis, intimal hyperplasia, calcification, and chronic inflammation when used as small-diameter vascular grafts. Therefore, natural materials have been studied for this application. In this study, a decellularized human chorion membrane (dHCM) vascular graft with a 3–4 mm diameter was created. Herein, the biocompatibility of dHCM with endothelial cells was demonstrated in vitro and ex ovo. Blood biocompatibility of dHCM was also shown by studying plasma protein adsorption, platelet adhesion and activation, and its hemolytic potential. Furthermore, dHCM antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus were also studied. In summary, the dHCM reticular layer side presented all the needed characteristics to be used in the inner side of a vascular graft. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the dHCM tubular construct were studied, being similar to the ones of the saphenous vein, the gold standard for autologous small-diameter vessel replacement.

Biological study of skin wound treated with Alginate/Carboxymethyl cellulose/chorion membrane, diopside nanoparticles, and Botox A

“…Furthermore, BC investigation of Alg/CMC/ChNPs/DNPs/BTX-A was 5.8% representing excellent blood compatibility of this sample, however, a small increase in BCI percentage may be related to the low blood clotting property of chorion nanoparticles. In a previous study, dHCM was evaluated as a proangiogenic factor and the hemolysis rate of the trophoblast layer side was reported 5.02 ± 1.26% so similar to our results 57 . More importantly, it should be considered that Alg/CMC/DNP/CNP-BTX-A was evaluated, in this study.…”

A versatile strategy to construct free-standing multi-furcated vessels and a complicated vascular network in heterogeneous porous scaffolds via combination of 3D printing and stimuli-responsive hydrogels

“…As we know, platelet activation triggers morphological changes characterized by four stages: dendritic, spread-dendritic, spread, and fully spread. 66,67 Herein, only a small amount of discoid-shape platelets is found on the Gel/Chit 0 MFV surface, further confirming the non-activated state of the platelets and thus non-thrombotic activity of MFVs. Such results are in good agreement with in vitro thrombosis tests (Fig.…”

Amphiphilic and fatigue-resistant organohydrogels for small-diameter vascular grafts

“…On the one hand, because of the changes in hemodynamics (for instance, decreased blood flow velocity), thrombosis and vascular occlusion are more likely to occur than large-diameter vascular grafts ( 10 ). On the other hand, high failure rates were partially due to the occurrence of infection, intimal hyperplasia, and chronic inflammation ( 40 ). In this study, SDVGs based on PHA/PEGDA-GDY organohydrogels were fabricated to solve the aforementioned challenges.…”