New Weapons to Fight against Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infections

Abstract

The treatment of Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections faces several challenges, such as the increased incidence of antibiotic-resistant strains and the fact that the antibiotics available to treat methicillin-resistant S. aureus present low bioavailability, are not easily metabolized, and cause severe secondary effects. Moreover, besides the susceptibility pattern of the S. aureus isolates detected in vitro, during patient treatment, the antibiotics may never encounter the bacteria because S. aureus hides within biofilms or inside eukaryotic cells. In addition, vascular compromise as well as other comorbidities of the patient may impede proper arrival to the skin when the antibiotic is given parenterally. In this manuscript, we revise some of the more promising strategies to improve antibiotic sensitivity, bioavailability, and delivery, including the combination of antibiotics with bactericidal nanomaterials, chemical inhibitors, antisense oligonucleotides, and lytic enzymes, among others. In addition, alternative non-antibiotic-based experimental therapies, including the delivery of antimicrobial peptides, bioactive glass nanoparticles or nanocrystalline cellulose, phototherapies, and hyperthermia, are also reviewed.

Diets containing phytobiotics, l‐arginine, vitamin E and captopril modulate ascites syndrome‐related genes expression in broiler chickens exposed to low ambient temperature

“…Indeed, alterations in gut histomorphology can be linked to changes in the composition of the gut microbial (Saki et al., 2017 ), suggesting that the enhancement of mucosal architecture may be related to the antimicrobial activity of arginine. NO, produced as a result of the oxidation of arginine (Chen et al., 2022 ), is a potent antimicrobial molecule (Cela et al., 2023 ; Qi et al., 2023 ).…”

“…It is not only necessary for optimal growth but also vital for processes such as NO production, polyamine synthesis, protein biosynthesis, nitrogen transportation and excretion and stimulation of several endocrine glands (Efron & Barbul, 1998 , 2000 ). Additionally, it acts as a significant microbiocidal molecule (Cela et al., 2023 ; Qi et al., 2023 ).…”