Next-generation technologies for preventing accidental death of children trapped in parked vehicles

Aiello, Vittoria; Borazjani, Parnian Najafi; Battista, Ermanno; Albanese, Massimiliano

doi:10.1109/iri.2014.7051931

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…High-end multinational car manufacturers have started introducing padded safety seat alarm systems, child minder smart clips and backseat minder systems to alert to the problem of neglected child occupancy. 11 Nonetheless, public awareness will still require forced entry to rescue trapped children. Moreover, the finding of children alone in a vehicle should alert passers-by to their potential danger.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicular hyperthermia deaths in Indian children: a little recognised mode of fatal injury

Siddiqui

Siddiqui²,

Singh

2020

Trop Doct

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Parked vehicles can create deadly environments for young children who are left unattended. This study was a descriptive analysis to describe circumstances leading to death in children left unattended in parked motor vehicles in India. Between 2011 and 2018, there were 16 incidents that resulted in 28 fatalities across India, mostly in the summer months. The majority of children (19/28) were aged 4–6 years, of whom 25 (89%) gained access to unattended vehicles and became accidentally locked in. Hyperthermia-related deaths are a poorly recognised type of vehicular injury in India; there has been no analysis to describe circumstances leading to such fatalities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicular hyperthermia deaths in Indian children: a little recognised mode of fatal injury

Siddiqui

Siddiqui²,

Singh

2020

Trop Doct

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“…core temperature leading to heat stroke under a given number of minutes) to increase public perception of the severity and susceptibility to PVH [ 27 ]. As we consider the ‘next generation’ of safety devices and policy, integrating data from an array of sensors, assessing real-time risk, and triggering appropriate corrective actions are necessary [ 74 ], yet policy is also vital to limit fears of manufacturer liability. For the public, the large majority of states have “Good Samaritan Laws” giving an individual immunity from a lawsuit if they act to protect a life of a child or animal inside of a hot car [ 77 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the impact of solar radiation on pediatric heat balance within enclosed, hot vehicles

et al. 2018

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Pediatric deaths due to children being left in hot cars remain a significant yet preventable public health concern. The current study aims to demonstrate the influence of vehicle type, time of day, and solar exposure (sun or shade) on the energy balance and core temperature (Tc) of a hypothetical two-year old boy left in a vehicle on a hot day. Cabin temperatures and relative humidity were collected within six enclosed vehicles under sun or full shade in Tempe, Arizona. These variables and radiation estimates were used to estimate the human energy balance and final Tc across 76 measurement cycles lasting approximately 60minutes.Interior temperatures averaged 39.5°C and 47.6°C in the shade and sun, respectively, at steady-state. Based on the specific heat of a human body, the average Tc after 60 minutes in shaded or sun-exposed vehicles was estimated to reach 38.2±0.29°C and 39.1±0.41°C, respectively, with a significantly higher final Tc in sun-exposed vehicles across all days and in the shaded minivan. Extrapolation to 2 hours is estimated to result in heat injury in the sun.Results demonstrate the influence of radiation on a child's thermal balance in a hot and dry environment. In real-world situations, it is critical to acknowledge variability between children, the starting car environment, and climate (e.g., humid versus dry), and that a child left in any vehicle car can experience potentially lethal core temperatures if forgotten, as shown by vehicular heat stroke statistics. Findings may improve public messaging and reinforce the need for policy action and technological adoption to prevent injury and death.

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“…If the vehicle's window is closed when the vehicle is turned off, the alarm device will be activated. Aiello et al 8 were able to detect left-behind people by a pressure sensor arranged on the seat. However, these methods are composed of a variety of sensors and alarm devices, but cost much.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The left-behind human detection and tracking system based on vision with multi-model fusion and microwave radar inside the bus

Liao

Xiang

Cao

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Left-behind humans inside the car or bus have caused a lot of accidents, so it is essential to detect the humans in vehicle. Current human detection methods rely on wearable devices, oxygen sensors, and special seat designs in vehicles, but those sensors cannot adapt to ever-changing environments. To solve those problems and especially to improve passengers’ safety on the bus, we propose a method to accomplishing human detection by fusion vision and microwave radar information in various environments in vehicle. For vision information, we use different networks to extract human and human face features, and fusion of the detection results in different models to improve human detection accuracy. The human detection model is MobileNet-V2, and the human face detection model is MTCNN. A new matching schedule and tracking objects management rule based on the Kernelized Correlation Filter tracker are designed to track the human and human face detection boxes. The microwave radar information is used to detect moving objects. Finally, the fusion vision and microwave radar detection results are implemented. Experiments show that our method has improved the human detection accuracy in vehicle, and this method can be used for detection of left-behind children on the school bus.

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Next-generation technologies for preventing accidental death of children trapped in parked vehicles

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Vehicular hyperthermia deaths in Indian children: a little recognised mode of fatal injury

Vehicular hyperthermia deaths in Indian children: a little recognised mode of fatal injury

Evaluating the impact of solar radiation on pediatric heat balance within enclosed, hot vehicles

The left-behind human detection and tracking system based on vision with multi-model fusion and microwave radar inside the bus

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