Nexus between green finance and climate change mitigation in N-11 and BRICS countries: empirical estimation through difference in differences (DID) approach

Abstract

Green finance is inextricably linked to investment risk, particularly in emerging and developing economies (EMDE). This study uses the difference in differences (DID) method to evaluate the mean causal effects of a treatment on an outcome of the determinants of scaling up green financing and climate change mitigation in the N-11 countries from 2005 to 2019. After analyzing with a dummy for the treated countries, it was confirmed that the outcome covariates: rescon (renewable energy sources consumption), population, FDI, CO 2 , inflation, technical corporation grants, domestic credit to the private sector, and research and development are very significant in promoting green financing and climate change mitigation in the study countries. The probit regression results give a different outcome, as rescon, FID, CO 2 , Human Development Index (HDI), and investment in the energy sector by the private sector that will likely have an impact on the green financing and climate change mitigation of the study countries. Furthermore, after matching the analysis through the nearest neighbor matching, kernel matching, and radius matching, it produced mixed results for both the treated and the untreated countries. Either group experienced an improvement in green financing and climate change mitigation or a decrease. Overall, the DID showed no significant difference among the countries.

The Role of Coordination, Decision Making and Special Data Infrastructure on the Disaster Management in Pakistan: Moderating Role of Information System

“…The coordination among different private and government sectors at local, provincial, national and international level makes it possible to share the different strategies and policies which are helpful to develop capabilities in organizations, communities, and individuals especially those which are near the expected point of disaster to be prepared to face the sudden occurrence of disasters so that they can fight against the occurrence of disasters and minimize the adverse impacts of these events. The coordination among the government organizations and humanitarian agencies within a country or among different countries enables the sharing of aids in the form of services and resources in the areas which are hit by some disasters (Nawaz et al, 2021). It helps the disaster management authority not only to respond to the disaster but also to enable them to recover from the damages (Martin, Nolte, & Vitolo, 2016).…”

“…Based on the above discussion, we can hypothesize: H2: Spatial data infrastructure is linked with disaster management in a positive manner. Decision-making is very significant in disaster management as it is needed all in all activities in disaster management before, during, and after a destructive event (Papathoma-Köhle, Cristofari, Wenk, & Fuchs, 2019). In disaster management, decision-making is an activity whose purpose is to reduce the adverse consequences of a disaster, whether it is a natural disaster or a man-made disaster.…”

The Role of Language Style, Perceived Services and Medical Qualities on the Tourism Development in Malaysia: Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction

“…With the enhancement of perceived medical quality, the impact on perceived tourism development is certain. Therefore, effective policies are required to be induced in the tourism industry to counter the aftershocks of medical quality which could impact the development of perceived tourism (Nawaz et al, 2021). The value of medical quality is certain in many tourism industries due to variation of risks and fees (Habibi & Ariffin, 2019).…”

The Influence of Human Resource Management Practices on the SMEs Performance: Mediating Role of Employee Engagement

“…The active workers perform more efficiently and effectively, which gives more productivity and more profitability. Similarly, the appointment of a supervisor by the HR management to the employees to keep a check on their performance enhances the operational and production performance of the business enterprises (Nawaz et al, 2021). The constant check by a supervisor on the employees' working made them perform the operational and production functions more attentively and efficiently.…”