Nexus between Tourism and Economic Growth in Pakistan: Using Gregory Hansen and ARDL with Structural Break

Amjad, Muhammad Asif; Rehman, Hafeez ur; Batool, Irem

doi:10.47067/real.v5i3.247

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Furthermore, the higher Jarque-Bera value and significant probability value present that all series are not normally distributed. The high Kurtosis value shows the presence of outliers in the model (Amjad, Asghar, & Rehman, 2021;Amjad, ur Rehman, & Batool, 2022;Wang et al, 2022). 4 presents the long-run coefficients of the model by using the PQR model at lower, middle, and higher health vulnerability index (HVI) groups of both developed and developing countries.…”

Section: Results Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Long-Run Dynamics of Green Technology, Ecological Footprint, and Health Vulnerability in Developed and Developing Countries

2023

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Human activities have contributed to environmental degradation for decades, and ecological footprint is considered an effective tool for measuring natural resource consumption. The present study explores the moderating role of green technology to determine the impact of the ecological footprint on the health vulnerability of developed and developing countries from 1990 to 2020. The long-run results are estimated by using the Panel Quantile Regression model at lower, middle, and higher health vulnerability groups. The empirical results show a U-shaped relationship exists between ecological footprint and health vulnerability in all groups. The green technology is used as the moderator term, which shifts the turning point of the U-shaped curve at higher quantile groups of developed countries and middle quantile groups at middle quantiles. Which shows that green technology moderates health vulnerability by reducing the ecological footprint. Furthermore, this study shows that most developing countries fall in the lower health vulnerability group while most developed countries fall in the middle health vulnerability group. This study recommends that these selected countries' governments increase green technologies, reducing the ecological footprint and improving the health sector.

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Section: Results Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Long-Run Dynamics of Green Technology, Ecological Footprint, and Health Vulnerability in Developed and Developing Countries

2023

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“…Table 2 presents the summary statistics of the model. The high value of the Jarque-Bera and insignificant probability values show that all series are normally distributed [40,41]. The NARDL approach is applicable if either series are stationary at level or at first difference.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of Higher Ecological Footprint in Pakistan: Does Energy Consumption Contribute? Evidence from the Non-Linear ARDL Model

et al. 2023

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The impact of human activities on environmental degradation has been increasing over time, and ecological footprint measures the impact of human activities on the environment. An increase in ecological footprint has created alarming situations around the globe. This study explores the causes of Pakistan’s high ecological footprint (EFP). The asymmetric analysis of fossil fuels and renewable energy consumption on EFP has been carried out from 1990 to 2020. The results obtained from the NARDL approach revealed that the positive shocks of fossil fuel consumption increase EFP, but its negative shocks decline EFP. Meanwhile, both positive and negative shocks of renewable energy consumption decline EFP in Pakistan. This study suggests that renewable energy consumption can play a significant role in reducing the EFP in Pakistan.

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“…A higher kurtosis value indicates the presence of outliers which is considered the pre-condition of the PQR estimation approach. The significant probability value shows that variables are not normally distributed (Amjad et al, 2022). Figure 4 shows the correlation plot of the developed and developing countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Long Run Dynamics of Sustainable Economic Development on Ecological Footprint in Developed and Developing Countries: Panel Quantile Regression

Amjad

Rehman

2023

REAL

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Rapid human consumption increases natural resource consumption, which damages the environment. The present study links sustainable economic development and Ecological Footprint in 78 developing and 93 developed countries from 1990 to 2020. This study measures sustainable economic development using the Human Development Index (HDI). The study uses panel quantile regression (PQR) to analyze data from the lower, middle, and higher ecological footprint groups. The study concluded that in developed countries with lower ecological footprint groups, a U-shaped relationship exists while in higher ecological footprint groups the inverted U-shaped EKC is valid between ecological footprint and HDI. It shows that developed countries initially degrade the environment by increasing their ecological footprint. Furthermore, as these countries grow, they divert their attention to more environmentally friendly technologies, resulting in a declining ecological footprint. However, developing countries demonstrate a U-shaped relationship in all quantile groups, indicating that these countries are prioritizing economic growth over environmental concerns. This study recommends that developing countries should follow the developed countries to reduce their ecological footprint by using environmentally friendly practices.

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Nexus between Tourism and Economic Growth in Pakistan: Using Gregory Hansen and ARDL with Structural Break

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

The Long-Run Dynamics of Green Technology, Ecological Footprint, and Health Vulnerability in Developed and Developing Countries

The Long-Run Dynamics of Green Technology, Ecological Footprint, and Health Vulnerability in Developed and Developing Countries

Causes of Higher Ecological Footprint in Pakistan: Does Energy Consumption Contribute? Evidence from the Non-Linear ARDL Model

The Long Run Dynamics of Sustainable Economic Development on Ecological Footprint in Developed and Developing Countries: Panel Quantile Regression

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