“…Specifically, NFC is designed to enable communication between devices when they are placed in proximity, typically within a range of 1 cm or 1 inch (in practical terms, this can be extended up to 4 inches). Previous research has demonstrated the diverse applications of NFC technology, such as for home shopping [30,31], medical information management in hospitals [32][33][34], food ordering [35], smart work's time and attendance management [36], and acquiring and sharing information about specific spaces [22]. The integration of NFC technology into mobile phones can provide benefits and business value for service delivery by leveraging the capabilities of these devices, as demonstrated by the study conducted by [37].…”