Nickel-free austenitic steels for cryogenic applications: The Fe-23% Mn-5% Al-0.2% C alloys

Structure and Mechanical Properties of High-Alloy Manganese-Aluminum Steels for Cryogenic Applications

“…Additions of increasing amounts of carbon to the Fe-23Mn-5AI base alloy has an austenitic stabilizing action as has already been shown (13)(14). The proportion of ferrite in the as-cast, cored structure decreases with increasing carbon additions.…”

The current state and the prospects for the development of high-plasticity ultrastrong Fe-Mn-Al-C steels

“…Стабілізує a-фазу [18][19][20], підвищує захисний шар глинозему (Al 2 O 3 ), зменшує дифузію вуглецю, збільшує енергію дефекту пакування (SFE) сталі, пригнічує перетворення аустеніту g на e фазового перетворення [21,22], різко зменшує щільність сталі [23].…”

A general perspective of Fe–Mn–Al–C steels

“…However, the results to that date did not show that it was possible to satisfactorily replace the stainless steels. In the same decade, there was also a solid research effort about the mechanical properties at cryogenic temperatures [21,[25][26][27], obtaining promising results in comparison with conventional steels. The phenomenon responsible for this improvement was attributed to activation of specific deformation mechanisms.…”

“…Stabilizes the α phase [69,73,74], promotes a protective layer of alumina (Al2O3), reduce the carbon diffusivity, increases the stacking fault energy (SFE) of the steel thereby suppressing the austenite γ to ε phase transformation [21,26], reduce drastically the density of the steel [30].…”