Nickel- or palladium-catalyzed cross coupling. 31. Palladium- or nickel-catalyzed reactions of alkenylmetals with unsaturated organic halides as a selective route to arylated alkenes and conjugated dienes: scope, limitations, and mechanism

CC Bond‐Forming Reactions

“…Two reductive elimination reactions follow yielding Ar-Ar' (13) and X"-B(OH) 2 (12), regenerating the Pd(0) species. This cycle, though similar to cycles proposed for cross-couplings induced by other metals such as Mg [70,71], Zn [72,73], and Sn [74,75], differs by the step where the base X" is introduced into the coordination sphere of the Pd. The reason is that the mineral base is fundamental for the success of the cross-coupling (Scheme 1).…”

Kinetic Studies of the Oxidative Addition and Transmetallation Steps Involved in the Cross‐Coupling of Alkynyl Stannanes with Aryl Iodides Catalysed by η2‐(Dimethyl fumarate)(iminophosphane)palladium(0) Complexes

“…The complexes 1c and 2c react with the stannane PhCϵCSnBu 3 in the presence of an activated olefin according to Equation (4).…”

Experimental Evidence for the Quasi-“Living” Nature of the Grignard Metathesis Method for the Synthesis of Regioregular Poly(3-alkylthiophenes)

“…15 The generally accepted mechanism for these Ni(II) catalyzed cross-coupling reactions involves a catalytic cycle of three consecutive steps: oxidative addition, transmetalation, and reductive elimination. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The course of the catalytic reaction has been extensively studied and proven to be affected by both the ligand structure and the choice of the metal. 15 It has been recently reported that the nickel-initiated cross-coupling polymerization proceeds via a chain-growth mechanism.…”