Nile Delta (Egypt)

Fishar, Mohamed R.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4001-3_216

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In addition, the Rosetta branch of the Nile River at Kafr Elzayat city receives industrial effluents from Kafr El-Zayat Pesticides and Chemicals KZ, Salt, and Soda companies, which are discharged directly at the east bank of the branch [ 32 ]. From the far northeast to the northwest of the Delta, many authors have reported the marine shift in the salinity of the Nile water in Port Said, El-Behaira, and Alexandria provinces during the spring and summer seasons, respectively [ 13 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. This salinity shift is a result of climate change, rising sea levels caused by global warming, and the intrusion of saltwater from the Mediterranean Sea downstream into the Nile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Nile Delta is part of the world’s most important migration route for birds. Each year, millions of birds pass between Europe and Africa along the East Africa Flyway, and the wetland areas of Egypt are especially critical stopover sites [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Delta is divided into different geographic districts by the main of the two Nile distributaries: the Damietta and the Rosetta branches. It extends along the coastal line of the Mediterranean Sea from Alexandria West to Port Said East [ 35 ]. The Rosetta Nile branch is impacted environmentally by various concentrations of wastewater from different pollution sources.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, Egypt is predicted to be one of the top five countries severely affected by sea-level rise. Alexandria, El-Behaira, Port Said, and Damietta Governorates have been identified as high-risk vulnerable areas of the Nile Delta with possible socioeconomic impacts [ 35 ]. Toward the Northeast Delta, the Northern Lakes represent the final reservoirs and chance for Nile water usage before it drains into the sea.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Site 4 was located at West Port Said, where the Manzala Lake links the Mediterranean Sea through Boughaz El-Gamil ( Figure 1 , site 4). In addition, this site receives drainage water through the five main drains of Bahr-Bagar, Al-Gamaliah, Al-Serw, Bahr Hadus, and Ramsis [ 35 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecoepidemiology and Potential Transmission of Vibrio cholerae among Different Environmental Niches: An Upcoming Threat in Egypt

et al. 2021

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Cholera is a negative public health event caused by Vibrio cholerae. Although V. cholerae is abundant in natural environments, its pattern and transmission between different niches remain puzzling and interrelated. Our study aimed to investigate the occurrence of nonpathogenic V. cholerae in the natural environment during endemicity periods. It also aimed to highlight the role of molecular ecoepidemiology in mapping the routes of spread, transmission, and prevention of possible future cholera outbreaks. V. cholerae was detected in different aquatic environments, waterfowl, and poultry farms located along the length of the Nile River in Giza, Cairo, and Delta provinces, Egypt. After polymerase chain reaction amplification of the specific target outer membrane gene (Omp W) of suspected isolates, we performed sequence analysis, eventually using phylogenetic tree analysis to illustrate the possible epidemiological relationships between different sequences. Data revealed a significant variation in the physicochemical conditions of the examined Nile districts related to temporal, spatial, and anthropogenic activities. Moreover, data showed an evident association between V. cholerae and the clinically diseased Synodontis schall fish. We found that the environmental distress triggered by the salinity shift and elevated temperature in the Middle Delta of the Nile River affects the pathogenesis of V. cholerae, in addition to the characteristics of fish host inhabiting the Rosetta Branch at Kafr El-Zayat, El-Gharbia province, Egypt. In addition, we noted a significant relationship between V. cholerae and poultry sources that feed on the Nile dikes close to the examined districts. Sequence analysis revealed clustering of the waterfowl and broiler chicken isolates with human and aquatic isolated sequences retrieved from the GenBank databases. From the obtained data, we hypothesized that waterfowl act as a potential vector for the intermediate transmission of cholera. Therefore, continuous monitoring of Nile water quality and mitigation of Nile River pollution, in addition to following good managemental practices (GMPs), general hygienic guidelines, and biosecurity in the field of animal production and industry, might be the way to break this cyclic transmission between human, aquatic, and animal sectors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecoepidemiology and Potential Transmission of Vibrio cholerae among Different Environmental Niches: An Upcoming Threat in Egypt

et al. 2021

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Depositional Systems – An Overview Via Google Earth

Awais¹

2022

Atlas of Structural Geological and Geomorphological Interpretation of Remote Sensing Images

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Tracking the effects of the long‐term changes on the coastal archaeological sites of the Mediterranean using remote sensing data: The case study from the northern shoreline of Nile Delta of Egypt

Elfadaly

Abutaleb

Naguib

et al. 2023

Archaeological Prospection

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Climate change effects along with anthropogenic activities present the main factors that threaten the existence of heritage sites across the north Nile Delta of Egypt close to the coastline of the Mediterranean Sea. Observing the changes in the landscape close to the archaeological sites is an important issue for decision‐makers in terms of reducing the negative impact of natural events and human activities. The coastal heritage sites are becoming strongly threatened by the rising sea level phenomena that will happen due to global warming. Focusing on the distribution of the archaeological sites, this study aims to detect the areas at risk of shoreline erosion or accretion in the northern shoreline of the Nile Delta. In this study, the changes in the northern shoreline of the Nile Delta were observed and calculated during the last hundred years based on the integration between the old topographic maps from surveys in 1900, 1925 and 1945, optical satellite images captured by Landsat in 1972, 1986 and 2000; Sentinel2 2021; and the Radar SRTM data. The results of this study showed that the changes were enormous with a great shoreline erosion process over the last 121 years recorded along the shoreline in the periods between 1900–1925, 1925–1945, 1945–1972, 1972–1986, 1986–2000 and 2000–2021. The areas eroded were about 5.3, 4.7, 5.6, 8.9, 2.5 and 5.4 km2, respectively. Such negative movements caused the loss of two heritage sites, and the expected changes will lead to the loss of additional heritage sites in the next 500 years. Furthermore, a model was suggested for protecting the coastal heritage sites threatened by the risk of submergence. This study can help the decision‐makers to detect the coastal archaeological sites at risk and create innovative solutions for protecting these irreplaceable heritage sites.

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Nile Delta (Egypt)

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Ecoepidemiology and Potential Transmission of Vibrio cholerae among Different Environmental Niches: An Upcoming Threat in Egypt

Ecoepidemiology and Potential Transmission of Vibrio cholerae among Different Environmental Niches: An Upcoming Threat in Egypt

Depositional Systems – An Overview Via Google Earth

Tracking the effects of the long‐term changes on the coastal archaeological sites of the Mediterranean using remote sensing data: The case study from the northern shoreline of Nile Delta of Egypt

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