Niosomes-based gene delivery systems for effective transfection of human mesenchymal stem cells

Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells via SOX9 Delivery in Cationic Niosomes

“…Nioplexes were formed by mixing an appropriate volume of a stock solution of placZ, pGFP or psox9 (300 µg/mL; always 700 ng of plasmid) with different volumes of niosomes (P80 or P80PX) in Opti-MEM medium to get cationic lipid/DNA mass ratios (w/w) of 2.5/1, 5/1, 10/1, 15/1 and 20/1 or estimated cationic amino groups (N) to nucleic acid anionic phosphate groups (P) ratios of 1, 2, 5, 7 and 10, respectively [28]. The mixtures were allowed to stand for 30 min at room temperature.…”

“…However, the high electropositivity required for both DNA complexation and efficient cell internalization normally led to elevated cytotoxicity, considerably precluding the therapeutic potential of these carriers [26,27]. Recently, niosomes have shown to be attractive tools for developing improved gene delivery formulations due to their higher stability and lower toxicity when compared with classical liposomes [28]. These properties have been attributed to the different chemical composition of niosomes from liposomes, by substituting the phospholipids for non-ionic surfactants [29].…”

“…As the nanocarriers' composition may significantly impact their transfection efficiency, being beyond dependent on the cell type and uptake mechanism [31], we tested two different niosome formulations for hMSCs gene transfer. Hence, two niosome formulations were produced using a reverse phase evaporation technique [28] by fixing the composition of the cationic lipid 1,2-di-O-octadecenyl-3-trimethylammonium propane (DOTMA) and the helper lipid squalene and varying the composition of the non-ionic surfactant using polysorbate 80 solely (P80) or P80 combined with poloxamer 407 (P80PX). Resulting nioplexes from the complexation of niosomes with the reporter plasmid lacZ (placZ) were characterized in terms of size, polydispersity index (PDI), charge distribution, capacity of DNA protection, and complexation ability.…”

Preparation, Optimization and In vitro Evaluation of Doxorubicin‐loaded into Hyaluronic Acid Coated Niosomes Against Breast Cancer

“…Niosomes are a novel drug delivery system, [15,16] self-assembled vesicular nano delivery consists of non-ionic surfactants, helper or co-surfactant lipids and/or charge enhancer that encapsulate the medication into nanovesicle. [17] For many different forms of solid tumors, an excessive buildup of Hyaluronic acid (HA) in the cancer stroma is thought to be a hallmark of malignancy. Because of its capacity to attach to CD-44 receptors on cancer cells, HA demonstrated its targeting ability when engaged in cancer drug delivery.…”

“…In order to avoid these major side effects, niosomal nanocarriers were chosen due to their stability, good entrapment efficiency, biocompatibility, and easy to be synthesized. Niosomes are a novel drug delivery system, [15,16] self‐assembled vesicular nano delivery consists of non‐ionic surfactants, helper or co‐surfactant lipids and/or charge enhancer that encapsulate the medication into nanovesicle [17] …”