Nipah Virus: Vaccination and Passive Protection Studies in a Hamster Model

Guillaume, Vanessa; Contamin, Hugues; Loth, Philippe; Georges-Courbot, M.-C.; Lefeuvre, A.; Marianneau, Philippe; Chua, Kaw Bing; Lam, Sai Kit; Buckland, Robin; Denis, Vincent; Wild, T. F.

doi:10.1128/jvi.78.2.834-840.2004

Cited by 204 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…22,87 A mild meningitis and choroiditis has been reported; however, viral antigen was not detected in the choroid plexus with immunohistochemistry.…”

Section: The Brain Is a Major Target Of Niv Infection In Hamstersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…76 Hamsters have been immunized with NiV G and F glycoproteins expressed in vaccinia virus recombinants that induced an immune response and prevented fatal infection. 22 NiV and HeV sG is highly immunogenic in cats, mice, and rabbits, yielding homologous serum-neutralizing titers of greater than 1:20,000 in cats. 50 Complete protection from fatal NiV disease has been observed in 4 cats immunized three times with a 100-mg dose of recombinant HeV sG or with NiV sG.…”

Section: Antiviral Therapeutics and Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies to either NiV G and F viral glycoproteins protects hamsters from fatal NiV infection. 22 Efficient henipavirus treatment can be achieved by the combination of drug therapy and immunotherapy. Ribavirin has been shown to be effective in the treatment of viral diseases, decreasing viral load.…”

Section: Antiviral Therapeutics and Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Henipavirus: A Review of Laboratory Animal Pathology

Williamson¹,

Torres-Vélez

2010

Vet Pathol

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The genus Henipavirus contains two members-Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV)-and each can cause fatal disease in humans and animals. HeV and Niv are currently classified as biosafety level 4, and NiV is classified as a category C priority pathogen. The aim of this article is to discuss the pathology of laboratory animal models of henipavirus infection and to assess their suitability as animal models for the development and testing of human therapeutics and vaccines. There has been considerable progress in the development of animal models for henipavirus disease. Suitable animal models include the golden hamster, ferrets, cats, and pigs, which develop disease resembling that observed in humans. Guinea pigs are a less reliable model for henipavirus disease, but they do develop henipavirus-induced encephalitis. Because human efficacy studies with henipaviruses are not permitted, animal studies are critical for the development of antiviral therapeutics and vaccines. Current research indicates that passive immunotherapy using monoclonal antibodies is protective of ferrets against NiV infection and that passive immunotherapy using NiV antibodies protects hamsters from HeV. Recombinant vaccines have been used to protect cats and pigs against NiV infection. Ribavirin and 6-aza-uridine were able to delay but not prevent NiV-induced mortality in hamsters. Further research is needed to develop a model and therapy for late-onset henipavirus encephalitis.

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“…22,87 A mild meningitis and choroiditis has been reported; however, viral antigen was not detected in the choroid plexus with immunohistochemistry.…”

Section: The Brain Is a Major Target Of Niv Infection In Hamstersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antiviral Therapeutics and Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antiviral Therapeutics and Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Henipavirus: A Review of Laboratory Animal Pathology

Williamson¹,

Torres-Vélez

2010

Vet Pathol

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“…Thus, NiV infections are much more widespread than previously recognized and so it is necessary to reevaluate strategies to prevent or treat this disease. We have recently shown that immunization with either one of the NiV glycoproteins (G [attachment protein] or F [fusion protein]) protects hamsters from a fatal infection (9). Further, passive administration of serum against either the G or F glycoprotein also protected the animals from a lethal challenge.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Prophylaxis and Therapy against Nipah Virus Infection in Hamsters

Guillaume

Contamin

Loth

et al. 2006

J Virol

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103

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Nipah virus (NiV), a member of the Paramyxoviridae family, causes a zoonotic infection in which the reservoir, the fruit bat, may pass the infection to pigs and eventually to humans. In humans, the infection leads to encephalitis with >40 to 70% mortality. We have previously shown that polyclonal antibody directed to either one of two glycoproteins, G (attachment protein) or F (fusion protein), can protect hamsters from a lethal infection. In the present study, we have developed monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to both glycoproteins and assessed their ability to protect animals against lethal NiV infection. We show that as little as 1.2 g of an anti-G MAb protected animals, whereas more than 1.8 g of anti-F MAb was required to completely protect the hamsters. High levels of either anti-G or anti-F MAbs gave a sterilizing immunity, whereas lower levels could protect against a fatal infection but resulted in an increase in anti-NiV antibodies starting 18 days after the viral challenge. Using reverse transcriptase PCR, the presence of NiV in the different organs could not be observed in MAb-protected animals. When the MAbs were given after infection, partial protection (50%) was observed with the anti-G MAbs when the animals were inoculated up to 24 h after infection, but administration of the anti-F MAbs protected some animals (25 to 50%) inoculated later during the infection. Our studies suggest that immunotherapy could be used for people who are exposed to NiV infections.

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“…The first study has shown that hamsters, vaccinated with vaccinia virus expressing either NiV F or G, were completely protected against NiV. Moreover, this group demonstrated that the naïve animals were also protected by passive transfer of hyperimmune serum prior to challenge (Guillaume et al, 2004). An important advance was next the development of a recombinant vaccine protecting pigs against NiV challenge (Weingartl et al, 2006).…”

Section: Vaccines and Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%