NIR responsive nitric oxide nanogenerator for enhanced biofilm eradication and inflammation immunotherapy against periodontal diseases

Highly efficient photothermal branched Au–Ag nanoparticles containing procyanidins for synergistic antibacterial and anti-inflammatory immunotherapy

“…The spectrum of the supernatant solution was measured via a micro-plate reader. 26 The concentration of PC in the supernatant was calculated by fitting the standard curve of pure PC with different concentrations. Formulas (1) and (2) were used to calculate the drug loading content (DLC) and encapsulation efficiency (EE).…”

“…The method reported in the literature was used to calculate the photothermal conversion efficiency ( η ). 26,27 The specific derivation process for calculating the photothermal conversion efficiency is given in the ESI †…”

Smart dental materials for antimicrobial applications

“…The antibacterial activity and anti-inflammation of the light-responsive system were demonstrated in-vitro (against oral pathogens) and in-vivo. The NO nanogenerator provided dual functions (aPDT and photothermal therapy-PTT), and the NO production modulates the inflammatory responses by reducing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines for periodontal disease treatment [ 267 ]. In a slightly different approach, an injectable anti-periodontitis ointment with the catalytic activity of a modified platinum nanocluster was designed.…”

“…In a slightly different approach, an injectable anti-periodontitis ointment with the catalytic activity of a modified platinum nanocluster was designed. The system was activated with mild ultralight irradiation and was able to produce ROS in the dark without the generation of gases [ 267 ].…”

Photonics-based treatments: Mechanisms and applications in oral infectious diseases

“…There were several disadvantages of aPDT or PTT being applied alone. Since ROS has a short half-life and narrow diffusion distance, it can hardly invade into compact bacterial biofilm (Qi et al, 2022). To obtain a good sterilization effect, more dosages of PSs or PTAs and greater light intensity are needed, which may cause tissue damage.…”