Nitrate Removal from Groundwater Using Immobilized Heterotrophic Algae

Mollamohammada, Sara; Hassan, Ashraf Aly; Dahab, Mohamed F.

doi:10.1007/s11270-019-4334-3

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Immobilized algal beads were added to the reactors at the beginning of the experiments. The results from our previous work showed that Scenedesmus sp is able to grow heterotrophically at complete darkness; however, the highest DCW was reported at the light intensity of 12 μmol m −2 s −1 (Mollamohammada et al, 2020). Therefore, light sources were installed to illuminate algae at the intensity of 10–12 μmol m −2 s −1 from above on an 18 hr:6 hr light: dark cycle to simulate sunlight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Scenedesmus sp. was obtained from previous experiments (Mollamohammada, Aly Hassan, & Dahab, 2020) at the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at the University of Nebraska‐Lincoln and cultivated using Bold's Basal Medium (BBM) at 20°C. The algal culture was illuminated using artificial plant light (Feit electric, 300‐W equivalent soft white LED) with the intensity of 10–12 μmol m −2 s −1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To prevent contamination, all the flasks used in the experiments were autoclaved for 20 min at 121°C. Each flask contained 400 ml of the groundwater and the ratio of the beads/solution was 12.5% in all the reactors, based on the results from our previous work (Mollamohammada et al, 2020). The experiments in 35°C were performed by submerging the reactors in a temperature‐control hot water bath.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immobilized algae‐based treatment of herbicide‐contaminated groundwater

Mollamohammada

Hassan

Dahab

2020

Water Environment Research

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Scenedesmus species, immobilized on alginate gel, was found effective in removing nitrate, atrazine, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, oxadiazon, and triallate from groundwater in a continuous flow reactor. The laboratory‐scale experiments with synthetic groundwater, made of 8.8 mg/L NO3‐N and 90 µg/L atrazine, were performed at a hydraulic retention time of 7 days and the temperatures of 20 and 35°C. The highest uptake of nitrate and atrazine was observed at 20°C (97% and 70%, respectively). When tested in actual groundwater, 92% of nitrate, 100% of magnesium, 99.9% of phosphorus, and 92% of zinc were successfully removed at the end of 29 days’ treatment operations. The algal beads removed 100% of oxadiazon and triallate in the first 10 days, but some of the herbicides diffused back into the solution toward the end of the treatment process. Practitioner points Immobilized algae–alginate beads can remove nitrate, atrazine, oxadiazon, and triallate from groundwater in continuous flow reactor. The uptake rate of nitrate and atrazine is higher in room temperature (20°C). Same algae beads could be reused for herbicide uptake for the average of 10 days. The immobilized system is a natural sustainable alternative that can be used in groundwater pump and treat.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immobilized algae‐based treatment of herbicide‐contaminated groundwater

Mollamohammada

Hassan

Dahab

2020

Water Environment Research

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“…As a control sample, blank beads were manufactured without incorporating any algal cells. The bead preparation process was outlined in our previous work [12]. The experiments were performed using synthetic and actual groundwater samples.…”

Section: Preparation Of Nanoclay-embedded Algal Beads and Experimental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(S. sp) beads. The immobilized beads were able to remove 90% of the nitrate from groundwater in two days [12]. The mechanism of nitrate uptake by algal beads involves the adsorption of nitrate onto the surface of the bead, penetration into the polymer, and finally sorption into the cells [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hybrid Biological-Adsorption Approach for the Treatment of Contaminated Groundwater Using Immobilized Nanoclay-Algae Mixtures

Mollamohammada

Hassan

Dahab

et al. 2021

Water

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Mixing the Scenedesmus species with nanoclay and immobilizing in sodium alginate was evaluated as a sustainable treatment method for removing nitrate, atrazine, and metals from groundwater. Gel beads containing the hybrid mixture removed 100% of 10 mg/L N nitrate and 98% of 100 µg/L atrazine from synthetic groundwater in three days. The optimal amount of nanoclay was found to be 0.30 mg per bead. The experimental data fit well into a Freundlich adsorption isotherm and followed pseudo first-order kinetics. When tested in actual groundwater, 91% of nitrate and 100% of Cr, Se, and V were eliminated in three days without need for any nutrients or carbon source. Immobilizing algal beads embedded with nanoclay is a natural, low-cost alternative for groundwater treatment. The gel beads can be reused for at least two cycles without a compromise in performance. They are water-insoluble, easy to harvest, and offer high removal efficiency.

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Corncob PRB for on-site nitrate removal in groundwater

Liu

et al. 2020

Arab J Geosci

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Nitrate Removal from Groundwater Using Immobilized Heterotrophic Algae

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Immobilized algae‐based treatment of herbicide‐contaminated groundwater

Immobilized algae‐based treatment of herbicide‐contaminated groundwater

A Hybrid Biological-Adsorption Approach for the Treatment of Contaminated Groundwater Using Immobilized Nanoclay-Algae Mixtures

Corncob PRB for on-site nitrate removal in groundwater

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