Nitro Compounds in Introduced Astragalus Species

Williams, M. C.; Davis, Alicia

doi:10.2307/3898535

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A large number of New and Old World species of Astragalus (Leguminosae) contain glycosides of 3-nitropropanol (NPOH; Williams, 1982;Williams and Davis, 1982). Timber milkvetch (A. miser var.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Degradation of 3-Nitropropanol by Ruminal Microorganisms

Majak

Cheng

Hall

1986

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ruminal fluid was obtained over a 4-yr period from cattle on various diets and supplements to determine the effects of different inocula on the microbial degradation of 3-nitropropanol (NPOH), a toxic metabolite in certain Astragalus spp. (Leguminosae). Nitrite (NO2-) metabolism was also studied in vitro because rapid NO2- reduction is required for the overall detoxification of NPOH. Intra-ruminal supplements of sulfite were ineffective and produced toxic signs in treated animals. Ruminal fluid from cattle on fresh pasture diets enhanced the in vitro metabolism of NO2-, but rates of NPOH disappearance were not significantly affected. Rates of NPOH degradation increased when orchardgrass pasturage was supplemented with molasses. Enhancement of NPOH degradation was achieved with supplements of nitroethane given intra-ruminally at 6.5 or 10 mg/kg body weight. The effect of nitroethane on NO2- reduction was not always observed, but the NO2- rates of metabolism always exceeded those of NPOH. The rate of NPOH degradation also increased when nitroethane was added to a molasses supplement. However, the volatility of nitroethane under field conditions prompted a search for a more stable inducer and the sodium salt of nitroethane was subsequently evaluated. The salt of nitroethane, given intra-ruminally at 20 mg nitroethane/kg body weight, resulted in the highest rate of NPOH degradation; this was similar to that reported for 3-nitropropionic acid, a nitroalkane that is much less toxic to ruminants than NPOH.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Degradation of 3-Nitropropanol by Ruminal Microorganisms

Majak

Cheng

Hall

1986

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The other species are distributed from Spain to China. Eight of these species have been examined and all synthesize nitro compounds, Analysis of fresh material of four species revealed that the plants synthesized high concentrations of nitro compounds (28 to 84 mg N0 2 /g of oven dry plant) that hydrolyzed to 3 -NPA (16,18). On the basis of these data, one could predict that the other two species, A. discessiflorus Gontsch.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other taxonomic sections in which one or more species synthesize 3-NPA are Astragalus, Buceras, Glycyphyllos, Hemiphaca, Hypoglottis, Oxyglottis, Proselius, and Talievia (16).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitro Compounds in Foreign Species ofAstragalus

Williams¹

1981

Weed sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Leaflets of 1690 species of Old World and South AmericanAstragaluscollected from herbaria at Kew, England; Edinburgh, Scotland; Munich, Germany; and Vienna, Austria were analyzed qualitatively for toxic aliphatic nitro compounds. The catabolites of nitro compounds found in species ofAstragalus(nitro-bearing), 3-nitro-1-propanol and 3-nitropropionic acid, are especially toxic to cattle and sheep. A total of 190 of 1624 (12%) Old World species, 30 of66(45%) South American species, and a single species of oneAstragalussubgenus were positive for nitro compounds. Most Old World species that contained aliphatic nitro compounds were collected in the Middle East and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Nitro compounds were detected in specimens of eight species collected between 1822 and 1836. The nitro-bearing species were chemotaxonomically related and grouped within taxonomic sections. The presence of two or three nitro-bearing species within a section indicated that other species within the same section might also be nitro-bearing.

show abstract

“…On the contrary, a plethora of works regarding other species of the same genus exists. The Astragalus species were employed as forage for animals, albeit many species were found to be toxic, and responsible for causing locoism in cattle [3,4]. In both folk and modern medicine, several Astragalus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic Characterization and Cytotoxicity Assessment towards Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines of Acylated Cycloartane Glycosides from Astragalus boeticus L.

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In several European countries, especially in Sweden, the seeds of the species Astragalus boeticus L. were widely used as coffee substitutes during the 19th century. Nonetheless, data regarding the phytochemistry and the pharmacological properties of this species are currently extremely limited. Conversely, other species belonging to the Astragalus genus have already been extensively investigated, as they were used for millennia for treating various diseases, including cancer. The current work was addressed to characterize cycloartane glycosides from A. boeticus, and to evaluate their cytotoxicity towards human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. The isolation of the metabolites was performed by using different chromatographic techniques, while their chemical structures were elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1D and 2D techniques) and electrospray-ionization quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-QTOF) mass spectrometry. The cytotoxic assessment was performed in vitro by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays in Caco-2, HT-29 and HCT-116 CRC cells. As a result, the targeted phytochemical study of A. boeticus enabled the isolation of three new cycloartane glycosides, 6-O-acetyl-3-O-(4-O-malonyl)-β-d-xylopyranosylcycloastragenol (1), 3-O-(4-O-malonyl)-β-d-xylopyranosylcycloastragenol (2), 6-O-acetyl-25-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-3-O-β-d-xylopyranosylcycloastragenol (3) along with two known compounds, 6-O-acetyl-3-O-β-d-xylopyranosylcycloastragenol (4) and 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosylcycloastragenol (5). Importantly, this work demonstrated that the acetylated cycloartane glycosides 1 and 4 might preferentially inhibit cell growth in the CRC cell model resistant to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors.

show abstract

Nitro Compounds in Introduced Astragalus Species

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Enhanced Degradation of 3-Nitropropanol by Ruminal Microorganisms

Enhanced Degradation of 3-Nitropropanol by Ruminal Microorganisms

Nitro Compounds in Foreign Species ofAstragalus

Spectroscopic Characterization and Cytotoxicity Assessment towards Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines of Acylated Cycloartane Glycosides from Astragalus boeticus L.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About