Nitrogen cycling between sediment and the shallow-water column in the transition zone of the Potomac River and Estuary. II. The role of wind-driven resuspension and adsorbed ammonium

Simon, N.S.

doi:10.1016/0272-7714(89)90028-0

Cited by 64 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This is in agreement with Yamada et al (1987), who found that NH4+,,: NH; , , ratios increased with a n increase in H2S concentrations. Large concentrations of adsorbed NH4+ compared to porewater NH,' concentrations (5-to 100-fold) were also reported by Simon (1989) in sediments of the Potomac River and Estuary.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Extraction and seasonal variation of NH4+pools in differert typos of coastal marine sediments

Laima¹

1992

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Seasonal variations in pools of porewater NH,' and exchangeable NH,+ desorbed by l-step [easily desorbed NH,') and multiple KC1 extractions (tightly bound NH,') were investigated in sediments from 3 stations in Danish coastal waters. One-step KC1 extractions gave higher yields in winter and lower yields in periods of increased sediment activity and temperature. The exchangeable NH,' pool obtained by l-step extraction was always less than the total pool removed by the multiextraction technique, independent of sediment type. The multi-extraction technique proved the existence of sediment NH,' pools with different exchange capacities. There was evidence to indicate that the tightly bound pool changed seasonally and entered the normal N cycle. The size and dynamic nature of this pool have not previously been recognized: maximum and minimum integrated values for Aarhus Bay, Norsminde Fjord and Randers Fjord sedirnents were 32, 36, 25 and 4, 9 and 6 mm01 m-2, respectively. A lack of correlation between pool sizes of easily desorbed NH,' and porewater NH,' was not compatible with literature values of the NH,' adsorption coefficient (K-value). K-values varied with station, depth and season (means of all values 3.7 and 11.7 by l-step and multiple extractions, respectively), and were in general higher than the literature values.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Extraction and seasonal variation of NH4+pools in differert typos of coastal marine sediments

Laima¹

1992

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Although septic effluent leachate, sewage and agricultural drainage all can be enriched in ammonium (Valiela et al 1992). a high percentage of the ammonium generally adsorbs to particulate matter and settles out (Simon 1989), or is converted to nitrate as it is transported through oxygenated estuarine waters (Paasche 1988, Maier & Pregnall 1990; but see Lapointe & Clark 1992). Hence, estuaries draining agricultural/urban basins can be dominated by NO3-rather than NH4+, particularly during the critical spring growing season for Zostera marina (Rudek et al 1991, Valiela et al 1992.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the 3 most commonly considered inorganic nutrient forms contributed in anthropogenic inputs, phosphate and ammonia readily adsorb to particulate matter and, as a result, are less available to plants for uptake than the abundant, highly soluble, and readily transported nitrate (Alberts & Moldenhauer 1981, Grobbelaar 1983, Froelich 1988, Simon 1989. In largescale experimental mesocosms under warm spring conditions and simulated reduced tidal flushing, we recently determined that water-column nitrate enrichment can cause death to eelgrass Zostera marina L. as a direct physiological effect unrelated to algal light attenuation (Burkholder et al 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effects of water-column nitrate enrichment on eelgrass Zostera marina, shoalgrass Halo-dule wrightii, and widgeongrass Ruppia maritime

Burkholder¹,

Glasgow²,

Glasgow³

1994

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

121

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ABSTRACT. In an experimental mesocosm system during late summer-fall, we examined shoot production by eelgrass Zostera marina without nitrate additions (generally with ambient water-column concentrations c 2 pM N03--N) versus production by eelgrass that previously had been exposed to low nitrate enrichment (pulsed additions of 5 pM NO,--N d-' to the water for 12 wk during an unusually cool spring season). During late summer-fall, the previously enriched plants were subjected to higher nitrate loading (10 pM NO<-N d-' for 14 wk), while control plants were maintained without nitrate additions as in spring. We also compared shoot production in fall by recent field transplants of Z. manna, Halodule wrightii, and Ruppia rnarit~rna with and without additions of 10 pM water-column NO3--N d-'. Low water exchange (10% d-l) was used to s~mulate conditions in sheltered embayments or lagoons, and light reduct~on from high tide was simulated by covering the mesocosnls with neutraldensity screens that reduced incident light by 30 % for 3 h d.' on a rotating schedule. Shoot production by both enriched and unenriched Z. marina was comparable dunng the spring low-level NO3--N exposure. However, eelgrass enriched with nitrate in both spring and fall attained significantly lower shoot production than control plants without enrichment. This decrease, unrelated to light reduction from algal growth, suggests a direct adverse effect of long-term water-column nitrate exposure on Z. marina. The more recent transplants of eelgrass without prior enrichment history also showed a trend for decreased lateral growth under moderately elevated nitrate. In contrast, H. wrightii was slightly stimulated and R. rnaritima was highly stimulated by water-column nitrate relative to growth of controls. By the end of the fall experiment, Z. marina (f NO3--N), H. wrightii (k NO3--N), and unenriched R. maritima had increased shoot densities by <50%, whereas nitrate-enriched R. maritima increased shoot production by >300%. The data indicate that H. wrightii or R. maritima could be established successfully by transplanting efforts as a management strategy in nitrate-enriched waters where eelgrass meadows have disappeared. Unlike 2. marina, these species apparently have developed physiological mechanisms to more effectively control nitrate uptake and metabolism.

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“…These high fluxes can probably be attributed either to physical turbulence and/or bioturbation at the time of flooding (Rutgers van der Loeff et al, 1984;Kikuchi, 1986;Simon, 1989;Webster, 1992). Because of the purge of air and the ample supply of nitrate from the overlying water, (a) Observed at 30 minutes before tidal flooding on 2 November, and at 2 hours 40 minutes before the flooding on 15 December.…”

Section: (B))mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tidal effect on dynamics of pore water nitrate in intertidal sediment of a eutrophic Estuary

1998

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To evaluate the effect of the tidal cycle on the pore water nitrate dynamics in intertidal sediment, concentrations of inorganic nitrogen in water and sediment were monitored during tidal cycles in the mud flat of Tama Estuary, Japan. During submergence, nitrate concentration was highest in the overlying water and decreased monotonically with increasing depth in the sediment, suggesting that the primary source of nitrate in the sediment was nitrate transported from the overlying water. Pore water nitrate decreased remarkably during the initial 3-4 hours after the onset of exposure. Thereafter, it was constant or slightly increased until tidal flooding. In situ accumulation of nitrate at the end of exposure, however, did not exceed the nitrate concentrations in the overlying water. The inhibition of nitrate reduction and the stimulation of nitrification would explain the change of nitrate concentration, both consistent with the input of oxygen into the sediment following a 10 mm drop of the water table. In Tama Estuary sediments, the effect of the tidal cycle on the removal of combined nitrogen is rather negative, because high nitrate concentrations in the overlying water canceled the positive effect of nitrate accumulation by nitrification during exposure, while tidal oxygen intrusion have an inhibitory effect on sedimentary denitrification.

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Nitrogen cycling between sediment and the shallow-water column in the transition zone of the Potomac River and Estuary. II. The role of wind-driven resuspension and adsorbed ammonium

Cited by 64 publications

References 19 publications

Extraction and seasonal variation of NH4+pools in differert typos of coastal marine sediments

Extraction and seasonal variation of NH4+pools in differert typos of coastal marine sediments

Comparative effects of water-column nitrate enrichment on eelgrass Zostera marina, shoalgrass Halo-dule wrightii, and widgeongrass Ruppia maritime

Tidal effect on dynamics of pore water nitrate in intertidal sediment of a eutrophic Estuary

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