Nitrogen dioxide distribution in street canyons

Laxen, D. P. H.; Noordally, Ehsan

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(87)90150-8

Cited by 37 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Normally, the residential buildings are not located near the major roads in Shanghai, as followed by per rules of the Chinese government, the residential buildings should not be located in the direct vicinity of the major roads. Most of the roadside-residences are high-rise apartments, and previous studies reported that NO 2 concentration decreased with height above the ground in canyons (Laxen and Noordally, 1987;Xie et al, 2003). Consequently, for most of the people living near major road, their exposed concentration of NO 2 may not as high as that in roadside.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

A land use regression model for estimating the NO2 concentration in shanghai, China

Meng

Chen

Cai

et al. 2015

Environmental Research

129

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

A land use regression model for estimating the NO2 concentration in shanghai, China

Meng

Chen

Cai

et al. 2015

Environmental Research

129

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“…1, which include the coastal area adjacent to the planned marine terminal site, nearby residential areas, locations upwind and downwind of the Az-Zour North, and Az-Zour South Power Stations (bounded by A7, A8, and A9) as well as the planned New Refinery site. The locations were selected following a fixed criterion: all points were far from air pollution sources, with 30 m minimum distance from the nearest street and 100 m distance from a busy motorway in accordance with the findings of Laxen and Noordally (1987) who reported NO 2 concentrations that are very close to local background values at 30 m distance from the center of the road. The description of the proposed measurement locations together with details maps were analyzed and accepted by the client (KNPC).…”

Section: Sampling Locationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Air quality assessment in Southern Kuwait using diffusive passive samplers

Ramadan

2009

Environ Monit Assess

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Measurements of fortnightly average concentrations of NO, NO2, SO2, H2S, NH3, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (aromatics=benzene, toluene, o-xylene, m+p-xylene, ethyl benzene; non-aromatics=nonane and octane) were carried out in the period from 26/10/05 to 24/11/05 at 20 points in the southern part of Kuwait as part of a baseline environmental impact assessment study requested by Kuwait National Petroleum Company. Two waves of triplicate diffusive passive samplers were used. A high volume air sampler was used to measure PM10 too. During the sampling period, the wind was observed to be mainly from the west and northwest with an average of 4.28 m/s. The consistency of the results allowed the production of spatial distribution maps of the pollutants measured and consequently the comparison between levels of air pollution at different locations. A comparison between the measured concentrations and the applicable air quality standards promulgated by Kuwait Environment Public Authority (KEPA) showed that those compounds had low concentrations compared to both industrial and residential KEPA standards. For other compounds which are not covered by KEPA standards, the results were compared with relevant limits of US Environment Protect Agency (USEPA) and US Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration. The comparison showed that the measured compounds had low concentrations compared to the existing standards and, accordingly, no violation of air quality standards is reported.

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“…As far as we are aware, this is the first such investigation of near-ground vertical differences in NO 2 concentrations. Laxen and Noordally ( 1987 ) and Monn et al ( 1997 ) investigated vertical profiles of NO 2 in a street canyon, but the lowest measurement heights in each case were 2.6 and 3.5 m, respectively. In a larger study of horizontal variation of air pollutants in Paris, Vardoulakis et al ( 2005 ) performed one set of measurements of BTX pollutants at 1.5 m and higher heights on both sides of a street canyon in Paris.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater nitrogen dioxide concentrations at child versus adult breathing heights close to urban main road kerbside

Kenagy

Lin

et al. 2015

Air Qual Atmos Health

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Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a ubiquitous air pollutant with high concentrations particularly close to main roads. The focus of this study was on possible differences in NO2 concentrations between adult and child heights as a function of different distances from heavily trafficked roads in urban areas. Passive diffusion tubes were used to measure NO2 concentrations at heights of 0.8 m (approximate inhalation height of children and closer to vehicle exhaust height) and 2.0 m (approximate inhalation height of adults) above the ground at a number of locations and over several weeks in the city of Edinburgh, UK. Evidence for significant differences in NO2 between heights was observed up to at least 1.2 m from kerbside of busy roads, with tubes at 0.8 m measuring concentrations 5–15 % (a few μg m−3) greater than at 2.0 m. The vertical NO2 concentration difference was not observable at distances 2.5 m or greater from the kerbside. Fitting of horizontal transects of NO2 concentrations away from main roads demonstrated the strong influence of wind speed in yielding faster fall-off in NO2 concentration from the roadside, and in near-ground vertical gradient in NO2, and lower background NO2 concentrations. These observations have potential public health implications for differential NO2 exposures between children walking, or in buggies, close to heavily trafficked urban roads compared with adults.

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Nitrogen dioxide distribution in street canyons

Cited by 37 publications

References 2 publications

A land use regression model for estimating the NO2 concentration in shanghai, China

A land use regression model for estimating the NO2 concentration in shanghai, China

Air quality assessment in Southern Kuwait using diffusive passive samplers

Greater nitrogen dioxide concentrations at child versus adult breathing heights close to urban main road kerbside

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