Nitrogen‐Doped Ordered Mesoporous Graphitic Arrays with High Electrocatalytic Activity for Oxygen Reduction

Abstract

These materials are no dopes: Nitrogen‐doped ordered mesoporous graphitic arrays (NOMGAs) prepared by a metal‐free procedure exhibited higher electrocatalytic activity than the commercially available Pt–C catalyst (see plot), excellent long‐term stability, and resistance to crossover effects in the oxygen‐reduction reaction (ORR). Graphite‐like nitrogen atoms appear to be responsible for the excellent electrochemical performance in the ORR.

Highly efficient cathode catalyst layer based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for the alkaline direct methanol fuel cell

“…Generally, they have been synthesized with the help of metal catalysts (e.g Co or Fe), which had raised the concern that the ORR activity was attributable to the metal-nitrogen complexes as in the well-known case of metal-porphyrins [9]. However, synthesis methods that do not use any metal precursors or catalysts have been recently developed and ORR activity of the catalyst has been preserved [15,[18][19][20][21][22].…”

“…graphene [10,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33], carbon nanotubes [11,20,21,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43], carbon nanofibers [12,[44][45][46][47], mesoporous carbon [15,22], graphitic carbon [48,49], carbon spheres [19,[50][51][52][53], carbon nanocages 4 [54], flower-like carbon [55], carbon aerogel [56,57], vesicular carbon [58], nanodiamonds [59]) relatively few have been tested in actual fuel cell conditions [58,[60][61][62]…”

Nitrogen-doped carbon xerogel: A novel carbon-based electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells

“…[10][11][12][13][14] In order to decrease the cost of electrocatalysts and eliminate their dependence on noble metals, various non-noble metal catalysts have been explored recently as alternatives to the Pt-based electrocatalysts, which include chalcogenide catalysts, [15][16][17][18][19] transition metal macrocyclic compounds, [20][21][22] transition metallic oxides [23][24][25][26][27] and carbon-based catalysts. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] In particular, carbon-based catalysts doped with the heteroatoms such as nitrogen (N) or boron (B) have been paid much attention and been proposed as typical non-noble metal catalysts for ORR [36][37][38] in alkaline media. Especially, since Gong et al 37 reported the superior activity and stability of nitrogen doped carbon nanotube in alkaline solution, the heteroatom doped carbon materials have been expected to be promising alternative Pt-based catalysts.…”

Nitrogen-doped graphene with enhanced oxygen reduction activity produced by pyrolysis of graphene functionalized with imidazole derivatives

“…Moreover, addition of nitrogen varies the charge distribution of the carbon network so that the C atoms adjacent to N become more positively charged, resulting in an enhanced interaction with the adsorbing molecule and thus lower activation barrier for its decomposition [96]. 41 Recently, a variety of metal-free nitrogen doped CNMs have been synthesized in the form of CNTs [97][98][99][100][101][102], CNFs [103,104], graphene [105,106], mesoporous carbon [107], carbon nanocages [108], carbon spheres, hollow carbon nanoparticles [109], etc. In this thesis the synthesis and electrocatalytic activity of N-FWCNTs and N-GNPs for the ORR have been investigated.…”