Nitrogen fertilization induced drought tolerance in sunflower: a review

Abstract

Drought is one of the most common abiotic stresses that badly effect plant growth, causes yield losses. Sunflower requires less water and thus has the capability to survive under drought stress condition. A drought stress condition affect various plant processes reducing plant growth, lessen the developmental stages of cell and tissues, and causes many changes in physiological, morphological and biochemical processes. Nitrogen is the major nutrient among all the nutrients because of its multifarious effects on crop development and production. Many primary processes in plant are governed by nitrogen like nutrient uptake, metabolism of protein, photosynthetic behavior, carbon division and various enzymatic as well as hormonal actions. Studies showed that reduced nutrient uptake and nutrient deficiencies inhibit the normal function of plant in dry soils. Many techniques have been used worldwide to compete with the nutrient scarcity in drought stress. To reduce the unfavorable influences of drought, nitrogen application through soil or by foliar in sunflower is recommended for obtaining higher yield.

Coping With Water Shortage: An Update on the Role of K+, Cl-, and Water Membrane Transport Mechanisms on Drought Resistance

“…However, they are a part of organic molecules with osmoregulation and antioxidant capacity. Thus, it is not surprising that additional inputs of N and P have a beneficial effect on plants under drought stress (Tariq et al, 2018;Mahpara et al, 2019). With respect to K + , in cotton (Pervez et al, 2004) and citrus crops (Gimeno et al, 2014), it has been observed that an adequate level of K + in the irrigation water increases their tolerance to drought.…”

Protagonist of Mineral Nutrients in Drought Stress Tolerance of Field Crops

“…Previous studies have suggested that shoot biomass is more affected under drought-cum-nitrogen stress, while root biomass is not much exaggerated primarily [79]. On the other hand, plants become drought hardy under sufficient soil nitrogen availability [75,80,81]. Increasing nitrogen significantly improved crop performance under drought stress.…”

“…Under dry climatic conditions, water use efficiency and growth of crops is restricted due to less accessibility of water. Efficient nitrogen application can serve the purpose under drought stress [75,76]. Plants facing drought stress are more susceptible to heat tremors as well.…”

Boron application influenced growth, yield and fiber quality of upland cotton (Gossipium hirsutum L.) under different irrigation regimes

“…Different morphological, physiological and biochemical properties were disturbed because of drought stress conditions [6,8]. Photosynthetic imbalance, disturbance of electrolyte leakage, respiration impairing, poor accumulation of carbohydrates, imbalance ion exchange, cell division restriction and nutritional metabolism [9,10]. Consequently, it is more urgent and time need to situate more efforts aimed at improvement of cotton with excellent traits by using several drought resistant cultivars, better management practices, sufficient nutrition management and numerous cultural practices.…”