Nitrogen Metabolism in Acute Infections 1

Grossman, Charles M.; Sappington, Thomas S.; Burrows, Belton A.; Lavietes, Paul H.; Peters, John P.

doi:10.1172/jci101631

Cited by 61 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…In contrast, no such changes were seen in acute starvation in spite of the fact that the subjects in the latter experiments lost roughly 50 grams of nitrogen each. This protein loss is comparable to that reported for some acute infectious diseases, including pneumonia and malaria (21,22).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

The Effects of Induced Malaria, Acute Starvation and Semi-Starvation on the Electrophoretic Diagram of the Serum Proteins of Normal Young Men 1

Taylor¹,

Mickelsen²,

Keys³

1949

J. Clin. Invest.

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During the last ten years, the technique for the electrophoretic analysis of serum proteins, originally described by Tiselius (1), has been standardized and a large number of important conditions have been studied. Luetscher (2) has reviewed this work and pointed out that the common denominator of all disease processes studied has been a relative decrease in the albumin fraction. Both acute and chronic infections produce an increase in the alpha globulin fraction which is often accompanied by an increase in the gamma globulin fraction. Chronic noninfectious processes such as ulcer or cancer also are accompanied by an increase in one or both of the alpha globulin fractions. Chow (3) has demonstrated that there exists a negative correlation between the relative amounts of serum albumin and the combined alpha globulins in disease states such as tuberculosis, ulcer and malnutrition. It has been shown that the characteristic response to protein depletion in the dog (4, 5) is also a decrease in albumin and an increase in the alpha globulins. Since this same change occurs in disease Chow has quite properly raised the question as to whether it is a response to the disease state or whether it is the result of the protein depletion which is common to these diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

The Effects of Induced Malaria, Acute Starvation and Semi-Starvation on the Electrophoretic Diagram of the Serum Proteins of Normal Young Men 1

Taylor¹,

Mickelsen²,

Keys³

1949

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…This view is tenable, furthermore, because it is well known that a disturbance in protein metabolism occurs in infections. It has been shown that in acute infections the urine nitrogen is very greatly increased (15), the same being true, though to a lesser extent, in chronic infections. It is generally recognized that the plasma albumin concentration is an index of protein reserves (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

The Anemia of Infection. V. Fate of Injected Radioactive Iron in the Presence of Inflammation 1

Greenberg¹,

Ashenbrucker²,

Lauritsen³

et al. 1947

J. Clin. Invest.

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Since hypoferremia is so consistently associated with the anemia of infection (1), and since injected iron appears to be diverted from the plasma in infection (1, 2), it seemed desirable to determine the fate of the diverted iron.In this study, radioactive iron was injected intravenously into normal rats and in rats with acute inflammation. The blood and tissues were then analyzed after a period of time for radioactivity. Preliminary studies were made in which only the blood and liver were analyzed in order to determine the appropriate amount of iron to employ. Radioactive iron was also injected intravenously into dogs, and analyses were carried out on a number of tissues, including the exudates. METHODSThe radioactive iron used in these studies was injected as ferric chloride in physiological saline. For the rats, the concentration was adjusted so that about 0.2 ml. was injected for each 100 grams body weight. In all the rats the same tuberculin syringe was employed for this purpose. In order to be certain that the solution did not enter subcutaneously, the vein on the lateral aspect of the tail was exposed under nembutal anesthesia and the solution was injected intravenously. In one experiment Fe was injected intraperitoneally.Inflammation was produced by the intramuscular injection of 0.5 ml. of turpentine. Robscheit-Robbins and Wlhipple (3) have shown that the resulting sterile abscess can be compared with a bacterial abscess. In some animals, 0.5 ml. of a mixed culture of S. aureus and E. coli was injected intramuscularly. Injections of bacteria or turpentine were made about 2 hours before Fe was administered.The methods for preparing and electroplating the Fe from the biological samples have been described elsewhere (4). Blood volume was estimated by assuming that the normal mammal possesses 80 ml. blood per kgm. body weight. Hemoglobin was determined in a representative sample of the tissue to be analyzed for radio-

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“…The nitrogen loss was, however, mitigated by such procedures, a finding comparable to that described by Peters (1944Peters ( , 1946 for acute infections. This has been confirmed by Howard, Winternitz, Parson, Bigham & Eisenberg (1944) and by Grossman, Sappington, Burrows, Lavietes & Peters (1945) in most cases. Werner (1948) and Werner, Habif, Randall & Lockwood (1949) have studied preoperatively the effect of a shift from relatively adequate calories to the lower calorie intake usually given after operation.…”

Section: Treatment Ajter Injurymentioning

confidence: 57%

“…The ascorbic acid of the adrenal appears to act by oxidizing the steroids present in various active adrenal hormones (Hallberg, 1950).…”

Section: Treatment Ajter Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and Trauma

Cuthbertson¹

1950

Br J Nutr

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Nitrogen Metabolism in Acute Infections 1

Cited by 61 publications

References 0 publications

The Effects of Induced Malaria, Acute Starvation and Semi-Starvation on the Electrophoretic Diagram of the Serum Proteins of Normal Young Men 1

The Effects of Induced Malaria, Acute Starvation and Semi-Starvation on the Electrophoretic Diagram of the Serum Proteins of Normal Young Men 1

The Anemia of Infection. V. Fate of Injected Radioactive Iron in the Presence of Inflammation 1

Diet and Trauma

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