Nitrogen removal from water resource recovery facilities using partial nitrification, denitratation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation (PANDA)

Sharp, Robert R.; Khunjar, Wendell; Daly, Dennis; Perez-Terrero, Joshua; Chandran, Kartik; Niemiec, Anthony; Pace, Gregory

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138283

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This is especially valid in WRRFs that depend on methanol addition for nutrient removal as a baseline (Foley et al, 2010). In past studies, PdN efficiencies of 80–90%, 88–95%, and 60–65% were achieved when using acetate (Du et al, 2019; Cao et al, 2016; Le et al, 2019b), glycerol (Baideme et al, 2017; Campolong et al, 2019; Sharp et al, 2017, 2020), and glucose (Qin et al, 2017), respectively. Cao et al (2013) observed 80% PdN efficiency with fermentate from different seed sludges in a two‐step PdNA application, and 49 ± 24% was observed with an integrated one‐stage PdNA application (Ali et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it is apparent that full-scale application of mainstream shortcut nitrogen removal technologies is contingent upon overcoming the aforementioned challenges and re-thinking utilization from the perspective of utility managers. To address some of these challenges, mainstream partial denitrification-anammox (PdNA) has been identified as a more suitable choice to achieve shortcut nitrogen removal due to its ease and reliability over a broad range of conditions and carbon sources (Ali et al, 2018;Campolong et al, 2019;Cao et al, 2013Cao et al, , 2016Du et al, 2017Du et al, , 2019Le et al, 2018Le et al, , 2019aLe et al, , 2019bSharp et al, 2017Sharp et al, , 2020. The process simplicity and reliability of PdNA have led to the best of our knowledge to two full-scale mainstream PdNA applications currently in operation (Klaus, 2020;Wang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Partial denitrification–anammox (PdNA) application in mainstream IFAS configuration using raw fermentate as carbon source

Ladipo‐Obasa

Forney

Riffat

et al. 2022

Water Environment Research

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This research examined the feasibility of raw fermentate for mainstream partial denitrification-anammox (PdNA) in a pre-anoxic integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) process. Fermentate quality sampled from a full-scale facility was highly dynamic, with 360-940 mg VFA-COD/L and VFA/soluble COD ratios ranging from 24% to 48%. This study showed that PdNA selection could be achieved even when using low quality fermentate. Nitrate residual was identified as the main factor driving the PdN efficiency, while management of nitrate conversion rates was required to maximize overall PdNA rates. AnAOB limitation was never observed in the IFAS system. Overall, this study showed PdN efficiencies up to 38% and PdNA rates up to 1.2 ± 0.7 g TIN/m 2 /d with further potential for improvements. As a result of both PdNA and full denitrification, this concept showed the potential to save 48-89% methanol and decrease the carbon footprint of water resource recovery facilities (WRRF) by 9-15%. Practitioner points• Application of PdNA with variable quality fermentate is feasible when the nitrate residual concentration is increased to enhance PdN selection.• To maximize nitrogen removed through PdNA, nitrate conversion rates need enhancement through optimization of upstream aeration and PdN control setpoints.• The IFAS PdNA process was never anammox limited; success depended on the degree of PdN achieved to make nitrite available.• Application of PdNA with fermentate can yield 48-89% savings in methanol or other carbon compared with conventional nitrification and denitrification.• Integrating PdNA upstream from polishing aeration and anoxic zones guarantees that stringent limits can be met (<5 mg N/L).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial denitrification–anammox (PdNA) application in mainstream IFAS configuration using raw fermentate as carbon source

Ladipo‐Obasa

Forney

Riffat

et al. 2022

Water Environment Research

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“…PD-based anammox wastewater system has been successfully applied into actual domestic sewage [10,11], landfill leachate [53], and simulated industrial nitrate-contained wastewater, yet many hazardous materials in nitrate-contained wastewater were all neglected. The heavy metals, such as chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, etc., had strong cytotoxic and cell lysis effects, also fluoride, which had evident inhibition of enzyme activity [50].…”

Section: Future Trends Of the Pda Coupling Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insight into Partial Denitrification (PD)-based Anammox Process and Potential Engineering Application: A Review

Bahtiar¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

JHER

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“…The selection for PdN is possible, albeit to varying degrees, with different carbon sources: acetate, glycerol, glucose, ethanol, fermentate, and methanol (MeOH) (Ali et al, 2021; Baideme et al, 2022; Campolong, 2019; Cao et al, 2017, 2013; Du, Cao, Li, et al, 2017; Fofana, Huynh, et al, 2022; Ge et al, 2012; Ladipo‐Obasa et al, 2022; Le et al, 2018, 2019; Li et al, 2018; Macmanus et al, 2022; Qin et al, 2017; Sharp et al, 2020; Wang et al, 2022). Its control hinges on maintaining a nitrate residual through feedback carbon dosing (Campolong et al, 2018; Le et al, 2018), which is simple, effective, and relatively easy to implement with existing plant instrumentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of instrumentation reliability on mainstream suspended partial denitrification–anammox (PdNA)

Ladipo‐Obasa

Forney

Foster

et al. 2023

Water Environment Research

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This study successfully revealed the importance of probe reliability and sensitivity with ion sensitive electrode (ISE) probes on achieving high partial denitrification (PdN) efficiency; and decreasing carbon overdosing events that cause the decline of microbial populations and performance of PdNA. In a mainstream integrated hybrid granule–floc system, an average PdN efficiency of 76% was achieved with acetate as the carbon source. Thauera was identified as the dominant PdN species; its presence in the system was analogous to instrumentation reliability and PdN selection and was not a consequence of bioaugmentation. Up to 27–121 mg total inorganic nitrogen/L/d, an equivalent of 18–48% of the overall total inorganic nitrogen removed, was achieved through the PdNA pathway. Candidatus Brocadia was the main anoxic ammonium oxidizing bacteria species that was seeded from sidestream and enriched and retained in the mainstream system with observed growth rates of 0.04–0.13 day−1. Moreover, there was no direct negative impact of methanol's use for post‐polishing on anoxic ammonium oxidizing bacteria activity and growth. Practitioner Points Stress testing with ISE sensors revealed the importance of probe reliability and sensitivity on PdN selection and PdNA performance. Up to 121 mg TIN/L/d was achieved via PdNA in a mainstream suspended hybrid granule–floc partial denitrification–anammox (PdNA) system. Candidatus Brocadia was the dominant AnAOB species with observed growth rates of 0.04–0.13 day–1. There was no direct negative impact of methanol's use for post‐polishing on AnAOB activity and growth.

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Nitrogen removal from water resource recovery facilities using partial nitrification, denitratation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation (PANDA)

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Partial denitrification–anammox (PdNA) application in mainstream IFAS configuration using raw fermentate as carbon source

Partial denitrification–anammox (PdNA) application in mainstream IFAS configuration using raw fermentate as carbon source

New Insight into Partial Denitrification (PD)-based Anammox Process and Potential Engineering Application: A Review

Impact of instrumentation reliability on mainstream suspended partial denitrification–anammox (PdNA)

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