Nitrogen transforming community in a horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetland

Coban, Oksana; Kuschk, Peter; Kappelmeyer, Uwe; Spott, Oliver; Martienssen, Marion; Jetten, Mike S. M.; Knoeller, Kay

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.018

Cited by 114 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The very low abundance of ANAMMOX bacteria in the WMB indicates that the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process does not contribute to the removal of nitrogen in the system in the present study. The result is in concordance with study by Coban et al [71], who also found low numbers of ANAMMOX bacteria and no anammox activity in an HSSF CW.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Dynamics of Bacterial Community Abundance and Structure in Horizontal Subsurface Flow Wetland Mesocosms Treating Municipal Wastewater

Oopkaup

Truu

Nõlvak

et al. 2016

Water

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Dynamics of bacterial community abundance and structure of a newly established horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) pilot-scale wetland were studied using high-throughput sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. Bacterial community abundance increased rapidly within one month and stabilised thereafter in three replicate HSSF constructed wetland (CW) mesocosms. The most dominant phylum was Proteobacteria, followed by Bacteroidetes in wetland media biofilms and Firmicutes in influent wastewater. CW bacterial community diversity increased over time and was positively related to the wastewater treatment efficiency. Increase in the abundance of total bacteria in the community was accompanied with the abundance of denitrifying bacteria that promoted nitrate and nitrite removal from the wastewater. During the 150-day study period, similar patterns of bacterial community successions were observed in replicate HSSF CW mesocosms. The data indicate that successions in the bacterial community in HSSF CW are shaped by biotic interactions, with a significant contribution made by external abiotic factors such as influent chemical parameters. Network analysis of the bacterial community revealed that organic matter and nitrogen removal in HSSF CW could be, in large part, allocated to a small subset of tightly interconnected bacterial species. The diversity of bacterial community and abundance of denitrifiers were good predictors of the removal efficiency of ammonia, nitrate and total organic C in HSSF CW mesocosms, while the removal of the seven-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 7 ) was best predicted by the abundance of a small set of bacterial phylotypes. The results suggest that nitrogen removal in HSSF CW consist of two main pathways. The first is heterotrophic nitrification, which is coupled with aerobic denitrification and mediated by mixotrophic nitrite-oxidizers. The second pathway is anaerobic denitrification, which leads to gaseous intermediates and loss of nitrogen as N 2 .

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Dynamics of Bacterial Community Abundance and Structure in Horizontal Subsurface Flow Wetland Mesocosms Treating Municipal Wastewater

Oopkaup

Truu

Nõlvak

et al. 2016

Water

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“…The microbial community in the rhizosphere of this wetland was previously analyzed and contained many potential denitrifying genera (32), such as Burkholderia, Ralstonia, Magnetospirillum, and Rhizobium (25). Ammonia removal (outflow, 12.8 Ϯ 2.2 mg/liter, about 49% of the inflow concentration) could be explained by assimilation through plant and microorganisms (33) as well as by nitrification processes (34). Phosphate concentrations were always below the limit of detection of 1 mg/liter (see Table S2 in the supplemental material).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Toluene Degraders in the Rhizosphere of a Constructed Wetland Model Show Diurnal Polyhydroxyalkanoate Metabolism

Lünsmann

Kappelmeyer

Taubert

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Constructed wetlands (CWs) are successfully applied for the treatment of waters contaminated with aromatic compounds. In these systems, plants provide oxygen and root exudates to the rhizosphere and thereby stimulate microbial degradation processes. Root exudation of oxygen and organic compounds depends on photosynthetic activity and thus may show day-night fluctuations. While diurnal changes in CW effluent composition have been observed, information on respective fluctuations of bacterial activity are scarce. We investigated microbial processes in a CW model system treating toluene-contaminated water which showed diurnal oscillations of oxygen concentrations using metaproteomics. Quantitative real-time PCR was applied to assess diurnal expression patterns of genes involved in aerobic and anaerobic toluene degradation. We observed stable aerobic toluene turnover by Burkholderiales during the day and night. Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthesis was upregulated in these bacteria during the day, suggesting that they additionally feed on organic root exudates while reutilizing the stored carbon compounds during the night via the glyoxylate cycle. Although mRNA copies encoding the anaerobic enzyme benzylsuccinate synthase (bssA) were relatively abundant and increased slightly at night, the corresponding protein could not be detected in the CW model system. Our study provides insights into diurnal patterns of microbial processes occurring in the rhizosphere of an aquatic ecosystem. IMPORTANCEConstructed wetlands are a well-established and cost-efficient option for the bioremediation of contaminated waters. While it is commonly accepted knowledge that the function of CWs is determined by the interplay of plants and microorganisms, the detailed molecular processes are considered a black box. Here, we used a well-characterized CW model system treating toluenecontaminated water to investigate the microbial processes influenced by diurnal plant root exudation. Our results indicated stable aerobic toluene degradation by members of the Burkholderiales during the day and night. Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthesis in these bacteria was higher during the day, suggesting that they additionally fed on organic root exudates and reutilized the stored carbon compounds during the night. Our study illuminates microbial processes occurring in the rhizosphere of an aquatic ecosystem. C onstructed wetlands (CWs) are well-established treatment systems for the bioremediation of contaminated waters (1), including industrial effluents originating from petroleum refineries and their associated contaminated sites (2, 3). Aromatic hydrocarbons present in those wastewaters can effectively be removed in CWs (4-7), largely driven by the interplay of plant physiology and microbial degradation processes in the rhizosphere (8, 9). As in any planted habitat, the rhizosphere of CWs is a complex environment with increased abundance and activity of microorganisms compared to those in the surrounding zones (10). It is shaped by the roots and plant-derived exu...

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“…The significant anammox contribution in IVCWs probably relies on the combined effects of abundant NH 4 + , low C/N ratio and the operational conditions in hybrid systems. Refer to Coban et al (2015b), a low C/N ratio less than 2 facilitates anammox. In our study, the C/N ratio in the influent wastewater was about 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial nitrogen removal pathways in integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland systems

et al. 2016

Bioresource Technology

120

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Nitrogen transforming community in a horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetland

Cited by 114 publications

References 58 publications

Dynamics of Bacterial Community Abundance and Structure in Horizontal Subsurface Flow Wetland Mesocosms Treating Municipal Wastewater

Dynamics of Bacterial Community Abundance and Structure in Horizontal Subsurface Flow Wetland Mesocosms Treating Municipal Wastewater

Aerobic Toluene Degraders in the Rhizosphere of a Constructed Wetland Model Show Diurnal Polyhydroxyalkanoate Metabolism

Microbial nitrogen removal pathways in integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland systems

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