Nitrogen uptake and allocation byCalluna vulgaris(L.) Hull andDeschampsia flexuosa(L.) Trin. exposed to15NH3

Dueck, T.A.; Eerden, L.J. van der; Beemsterboer, B.; Elderson, J.

doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.1991.tb01557.x

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Fangmeier et al (1994), reviewed the effects of NH 3 on vegetation, including the effects of NH 3 on moorland vegetation. There have been a number of studies of NH 3 effects on the Dutch heathland vegetation, but these were glasshouse/laboratory experiments and not field scale studies Van der Eerden et al (1991) and Dueck et al (1991). We are not aware of any other studies with treatment application regimes that simulate the real world's exposure of vegetation to NH 3 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Quantifying Dry NH3 Deposition to an Ombrotrophic Bog from an Automated NH3 Field Release System

Leith¹,

Sheppard²,

Fowler³

et al. 2004

Water Air Soil Pollut: Focus

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Providing an accurate estimate of the dry component of N deposition to low N background, semi-natural habitats, such as bogs and upland moors dominated by Calluna vulgaris is difficult, but essential to relate nitrogen deposition to effects in these communities. To quantify the effects of NH 3 inputs to moorland vegetation growing on a bog at a field scale, a field release NH 3 fumigation system was established at Whim Moss (Scottish Borders) in 2002. Gaseous NH 3 from a line source was released along of a 60 m transect, when meteorological conditions (wind speed >2.5 m s −1 and wind direction in the sector 180-215 • ) were met, thereby providing a profile of decreasing NH 3 concentration with distance from the source. In a complementary study, using a NH 3 flux chamber system, the relationships between NH 3 concentrations and cuticular resistances were quantified for a range of NH 3 concentrations and micrometeorological conditions for moorland vegetation. Cuticular resistances increased with NH 3 concentration from 11 s m −1 at 3.0 µg m −3 to 30 s m −1 at 30 µg m −3 . The NH 3 concentration data and the concentration-dependent canopy resistance are used to calculate NH 3 deposition taking into account leaf surface wetness. The implications of using an NH 3 concentration-dependent cuticular resistance and the importance for refining critical loads are discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Quantifying Dry NH3 Deposition to an Ombrotrophic Bog from an Automated NH3 Field Release System

Leith¹,

Sheppard²,

Fowler³

et al. 2004

Water Air Soil Pollut: Focus

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“…heathland and chalk grassland (Van Dam, 1990;Van der Eerden et al, 1991). The eflfects of eutrophication on chalk grassland, as reported by Van Dam (1990), illustrate the widespread threat to habitats other than those already tending to be acidic.…”

Section: Its Effect On Vegetation and Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Nitrogen enrichment of heathland on nutrient-poor sandy soils has led to a spread of grasses such as Molifiia caerulea, Deschampsia flexuosa, and Festuca ovina, which are able to outcompete the ericaceous species (Berendse & Aerts, 1984;Roelofs, 1986;Van Breeman & Van Dijk, 1988;Van der Eerden et al, 1991). Van der Eerden et al (1991) found that heathland species are relatively sensitive to atmospheric ammonia. In monoculture Calluna increased its shoot growth when fumigated or watered with ammonia, but when it was grown in competition with Deschampsia flexuosa, the latter species was able to outgrow it.…”

Section: Its Effect On Vegetation and Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The deposition of atmospheric ammonia and its effects on plants

1993

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SUMMARY Across Europe, total nitrogen deposition is increasing and, of this total, atmospheric ammonia can contribute up to 50–80%. Average deposition of ammonia in the UK is likely to be around 15–20 kg ha−1 yr−1, while in The Netherlands, which has some of the highest rates of deposition, this value is likely to be between 40 and 50 kg ha−1 yr−1. It is argued that because of the processes of assimilation and nitrification this ammonia is an acidifying pollutant. Ammonia taken up by plants is most likely to be directly assimilated and this uptake can have a strong effect on the nutrient imbalances of the plant. With root uptake in particular, anions are taken up in preference to cations. However, simple soil/plant nutrient measurements are unlikely to be a definitive means of monitoring ammonia pollution. This is because the processes of ammonia metabolism and acidification affect soil ion activity, mycorrhizas, plant uptake, and foliar leaching. These effects interact with acidity per se, and are compounded by the strong correlative co‐deposition of ammonia with sulphur. Evidence for uptake of gaseous and wet deposited ammonia by leaves is presented. The exact mechanism of ammonia toxicity is still not really clear, but could be due to physiological perturbation, rather than to the direct toxicity of the ion. Assimilation of ammonia by leaves releases protons which can cause cellular acidosis, and has important implications for acid‐base regulation in cells. This regulation depends on intrinsic features of the plant's metabolism, that is in turn dependent on the ecology of root versus leaf nitrogen nutrition under normal conditions. Certain species are more acidic in a leaf physiological sense and tend to be prone to damage by pollutants. Likewise, acidic habitats are particularly prone to damage through both eutrophication and the different capacities of plants both to utilize and to buffer against this nitrogen enrichment. The current evidence from The Netherlands suggests that the part this plays in perturbing the ecosystem should not be underestimated.

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“…Furthermore, Dueck et al. (1991) reported that NH 3 is mainly taken up through plant stomata instead of cuticles. As a consequence, N deposition in the form of gaseous NH 3 was found to have greater effects on moorland vegetation than wet-deposited (Leith et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of grass species and grass growth on atmospheric nitrogen deposition to a bog ecosystem surrounded by intensive agricultural land use

Hurkuck

Brümmer

Mohr

et al. 2015

Ecology and Evolution

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We applied a 15N dilution technique called “Integrated Total Nitrogen Input” (ITNI) to quantify annual atmospheric N input into a peatland surrounded by intensive agricultural practices over a 2-year period. Grass species and grass growth effects on atmospheric N deposition were investigated using Lolium multiflorum and Eriophorum vaginatum and different levels of added N resulting in increased biomass production. Plant biomass production was positively correlated with atmospheric N uptake (up to 102.7 mg N pot−1) when using Lolium multiflorum. In contrast, atmospheric N deposition to Eriophorum vaginatum did not show a clear dependency to produced biomass and ranged from 81.9 to 138.2 mg N pot−1. Both species revealed a relationship between atmospheric N input and total biomass N contents. Airborne N deposition varied from about 24 to 55 kg N ha−1 yr−1. Partitioning of airborne N within the monitor system differed such that most of the deposited N was found in roots of Eriophorum vaginatum while the highest share was allocated in aboveground biomass of Lolium multiflorum. Compared to other approaches determining atmospheric N deposition, ITNI showed highest airborne N input and an up to fivefold exceedance of the ecosystem-specific critical load of 5–10 kg N ha−1 yr−1.

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Nitrogen uptake and allocation byCalluna vulgaris(L.) Hull andDeschampsia flexuosa(L.) Trin. exposed to¹⁵NH₃

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Quantifying Dry NH3 Deposition to an Ombrotrophic Bog from an Automated NH3 Field Release System

Quantifying Dry NH3 Deposition to an Ombrotrophic Bog from an Automated NH3 Field Release System

The deposition of atmospheric ammonia and its effects on plants

Effects of grass species and grass growth on atmospheric nitrogen deposition to a bog ecosystem surrounded by intensive agricultural land use

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