Nitrous oxide and methane emissions affected by grazing and nitrogen fertilization in an integrated crop-livestock system

Bratti, Felipe; Locatelli, Jorge Luiz; Ribeiro, Ricardo Henrique; Besen, Marcos Renan; Dieckow, Jeferson; Bayer, Cimélio; Piva, Jonatas Thiago

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116027

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…First, this study highlighted the specific impacts of grazing on N leaching in soil N cycling process in arid regions. Previous studies have only examined the response of N leaching to grazing (Bratti et al, 2022; Graham et al, 2022), or speculated the N leaching in soil N turnover process under grazing (Lang et al, 2021). Second, most of the previous studies have focused on the effects of grazing on soil N mineralization only during the peak growth stage (Hirobe et al, 2013; Li et al, 2022); however, our study covered the whole growing season, which can better reveal the temporal soil N dynamics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing regulates soil N cycling of annual pastures by enhancing soil N turnover in arid climate condition

Guo,

Ning,

Lou

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

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Nitrogen is the second limited factor in arid regions. Little information is available on soil N cycling and availability under grazing in arid regions, which is required to evaluate land‐use management with respect to soil N availability and dynamics. In 2011, we established a rotational grazing field experiment in arid grassland. We conducted experiments to explore the effects of herbivores grazing on soil net N mineralization and N processes via changes in soil temperature, moisture, pH, and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) in 2016 and 2017. Our results showed that grazing did not alter soil N mineralization because higher soil moisture and soil MBN under grazing had positive and negative effects on soil N mineralization, thereby balancing soil N mineralization. Plant N uptake at the grazing plots was, nevertheless, 23% higher than that at the non‐grazing plots. These demonstrated that grazing potentially improved soil inorganic N availability and alleviated soil N limitation in arid regions. Soil nitrification was main pathway of N transformation in arid regions. Grazing improved soil accumulation of NO3− content, resulting in environmental problems (such as N2O emission and N leaching); however, grazing had a little effect (~15% increase) on soil N leaching and (~7% decrease) on N2O emission. These N processes reflect important mechanisms of resilience and ecosystem stability under grazing in an N‐limited environment. Our results provide an important perspective for grassland management, aiming to maintain soil N supplying capacity in annual pasture sustainably. Overall, our study suggests that grazing is an effective management practice for the sustainable usage of local grasslands, as it improves soil physicochemical and biological properties, which, in turn, increases N supply.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing regulates soil N cycling of annual pastures by enhancing soil N turnover in arid climate condition

Guo,

Ning,

Lou

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

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“…Moreover, this type of intercropping could generate other benefits, such as straw formation for the no‐tillage system (Andrade et al., 2020; Borges et al., 2016), weed suppression (Buffara et al., 2018; Timossi et al., 2018), soil protection and maintenance of its moisture (Buffara et al., 2018), besides soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gases mitigation (Amadori et al., 2022; Bratti et al., 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clearfield upland rice intercropped with Urochloa ruziziensis for grain, increased revenue and environmental preservation

de Sousa Santos,

Nascente,

Lacerda

et al. 2024

Agronomy Journal

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Intercropping perennial forage grasses into cereal crops is an alternative to recover degraded pastures. However, the intercrop of forage grasses, such as Urochloa ruziziensis (R. Germ. and C. M. Evard) Crins (Congo grass), can lead to losses in cereal yield. Therefore, it is necessary to develop management strategies that allow forage grass establishment without major losses in cereal yield in intercropping. The objective was to study the agronomic and economic impacts of intercropping U. ruziziensis into a Clearfield upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar in the state of Goiás, Brazil, in two growing seasons. Treatments included forage grass seeds sowing method (broadcast or incorporation to the soil) and sowing times (at rice sowing, 20 days after emergence [DAE], and 45 DAE of rice). Also, imazapyr + imazapic herbicide was applied to restrict the competitive effect on rice yield. Monocropping control plots were also evaluated. Grain yield was measured on rice. Forage grass dry matter yield was measured at 30, 60, and 90 days after harvesting (DAH) of rice. Crude protein content was analyzed at 90 DAH. Profitability was calculated for each cropping system relative to rice monocropping. Intercropping of rice and U. ruziziensis sowed at 45 DAE provided the highest grain yield relative to other assessed intercropping treatments as well as rice monocropping. Concurrent sowing of rice and incorporated U. ruziziensis seeding provided the greatest economic return. This reformed cropping system improved land and pasture output, which can reduce the pressure to convert more land to agricultural use.

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“…ICLS have been increasingly adopted as a strategy to make farming more sustainable in several regions of the world (Sekaran et al, 2021), particularly in Brazil (Carvalho et al, 2010(Carvalho et al, , 2021. ICLS are known to improve nutrient cycling (Assmann et al, 2015;Deiss et al, 2019), soil C sequestration, greenhouse gases mitigation (Amadori et al, 2022;Bratti et al, 2022;Ribeiro, Ibarr et al, 2020), and animal (Carvalho et al, 2018) and crop production (Bernardon et al, 2020). Most of these improvements come from the pasture phase and its livestock component, but it depends greatly on the grazing management, which is one of the crucial factors that determine the ICLS success (Carvalho et al, 2018;Ribeiro, Ibarr et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing intensity and nitrogen fertilization effects on biomass and morphology of black oat roots in an integrated crop–livestock system

et al. 2023

Self Cite

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Grazing stimulates root and forage mass of perennial pastures, but few studies have addressed the effects of grazing on annual pastures which are often grown in short periods within integrated crop–livestock systems (ICLS). In these pastures, N fertilization is a common practice to increase forage mass, but its effects on root morphology are unclear. In a field experiment, we evaluated how grazing intensities (ungrazed, moderate, and heavy grazing) and N fertilization rates (0, 75, and 150 kg N ha−1) affected morphological attributes of oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) roots and forage accumulation in ICLS in Brazilian subtropics. Forage mass was evaluated in each grazing cycle and roots were sampled to a 30‐cm depth at the end of the grazing season in 2 years. Heavy and moderate grazing reduced (p < 0.05) forage accumulation by 15%–37% compared to ungrazed (4867 kg DM ha−1) in the first year, characterized by extended periods of water deficit, but in the second year forage accumulation from grazed and ungrazed was similar (p > 0.05), averaging 4273 kg ha−1. N fertilization increased forage accumulation in both the years, without differences between 75 and 150 kg N ha−1 in grazed treatments. Grazing and N rates mainly reduced root diameter and increased root N concentration. Increasing N fertilization rates increased root length but it was more expressive in the first year. Nitrogen fertilization with 75 or 150 kg N ha−1 on moderately grazed oat is an alternative to increase forage accumulation as it stimulates fine root development and increase N uptake, mainly when adverse climatic conditions can affect pasture growth.

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Nitrous oxide and methane emissions affected by grazing and nitrogen fertilization in an integrated crop-livestock system

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

Grazing regulates soil N cycling of annual pastures by enhancing soil N turnover in arid climate condition

Grazing regulates soil N cycling of annual pastures by enhancing soil N turnover in arid climate condition

Clearfield upland rice intercropped with Urochloa ruziziensis for grain, increased revenue and environmental preservation

Grazing intensity and nitrogen fertilization effects on biomass and morphology of black oat roots in an integrated crop–livestock system

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