Nitrous oxide: effective analgesic for vascular and interventional procedures

Braun, SD; Miller, G. A.; Ford, Kerry; Newman, G. B.; Moore, AV; Toy, R; Brock, Rachael; Dunnick, N. Reed

doi:10.2214/ajr.145.2.377

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…We used 50% N 2 O in our study, as we believe that this concentration would be appropriate for alleviating pain on propofol injection without causing too much sedation, thus making pain evaluation easy and without compromising safety in terms of side-effects. Further, this concentration has been used in the past to evaluate the analgesic effects of N 2 O in other clinical settings [9][10][11] . Moreover, 50% N 2 O in O 2 is commonly offered as an analgesic to women in labour.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nitrous Oxide in Reducing Pain of Propofol Injection in Adult Patients

Neema

Rathod

2005

Anaesth Intensive Care

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In a randomized, double-blind, prospective trial we compared the efficacy of pre-treatment with nitrous oxide (with or without premixed lignocaine in propofol) for the prevention of propofol-induced pain. Ninety consecutive patients were recruited in the study and divided into three groups of 30 each, who received either 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen along with lignocaine 40 mg mixed in 1% propofol 20 ml (Group NL), 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen without lignocaine in propofol (Group N), and 50% oxygen in air with lignocaine mixed in propofol 40 mg (Group L). Pain scores were graded on a four point verbal rating scale (0-3). Eighty-nine patients completed the study while one patient developed excitement, agitation and tremor during nitrous oxide in oxygen inhalation. Eleven patients (36.7%) complained of pain in the group L compared to 7 (23.3%), and 1 (3.3%), in groups N and NL respectively [group NL vs group L (P<0.001) and group NL vs N (P<0.001)]. There was no statistical difference observed between group N and group L. Inhalation of 50% nitrous oxide reduces pain on propofol injection. The combination of 50% nitrous oxide and lignocaine mixed with propofol was the most effective treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nitrous Oxide in Reducing Pain of Propofol Injection in Adult Patients

Neema

Rathod

2005

Anaesth Intensive Care

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“…4 The utilization of nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia as a safe and effective means of obtaining sedation and analgesia during interventional procedures has also been reported. [8][9][10] At our institution, we have used nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia in >300 cases with no complications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles and Practice of Nitrous Oxide Analgesia

Rholl¹,

Breda²,

Katzen³

1987

Semin intervent Radiol

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“…In der Vergangenheit reichte dies von Lachgas als Maskennarkose [7,8], bis hin zur intravenösen Gabe von Nalbuphin (Nubain ), Pentazocin (Fortral ), Morphin (u. a. MST , MSR ) [3,9], Diazepam (u. a. Valium , Tranquase ) [10] oder Tramadol (Tramal ) [11]. In neuerer Zeit wurden besonders Midazolam (Dormicum ) oder Propofol (u. a. Disoprivan , Klimofol ) als Einzelmedikation eingesetzt [12 ± 14].…”

Section: Abstract Sedation´sedoanalgesia´pain Control´interventionalunclassified