Nitrous oxide release by soil fungi

Bollag, Jean‐Marc; Tung, Gabrielle

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(72)90021-1

Cited by 79 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, this bacteria-based knowledge needs to be re-developed due to the discovery of fungal N 2 O production. A number of fungal isolates have shown N 2 O-producing activity in pure cultures [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Although fungal N 2 O production was found to be orders of magnitude lower than that of bacteria under pure culture conditions [23], direct soil measurements showed fungal dominance of N 2 O production [21,[24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Soil Moisture and pH Control Relative Contributions of Fungi and Bacteria to N2O Production

2014

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Fungal N(2)O production has been progressively recognized, but its controlling factors remain unclear. This study examined the impacts of soil moisture and pH on fungal and bacterial N(2)O production in two ecosystems, conventional farming and plantation forestry. Four treatments, antibiotic-free soil and soil amended with streptomycin, cycloheximide, or both were used to determine N(2)O production of fungi versus bacteria. Soil moisture and pH effects were assessed under 65-90 % water-filled pore space (WFPS) and pH 4.0-9.0, respectively. Irrespective of antibiotic treatments, soil N(2)O fluxes peaked at 85-90 % WFPS and pH 7.0 or 8.0, indicating that both fungi and bacteria preferred more anoxic and neutral or slightly alkaline conditions in producing N(2)O. However, compared with bacteria, fungi contributed more to N(2)O production under sub-anoxic and acidic conditions. Real-time polymerase chain reaction of 16S, ITS rDNA, and denitrifying genes for quantifications of bacteria, fungi, and denitrifying bacteria, respectively, showed that fungi were more abundant at acidic pH, whereas total and denitrifying bacteria favored neutral conditions. Such variations in the abundance appeared to be related to the pH effects on the relative fungal and bacterial contribution to N(2)O production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Soil Moisture and pH Control Relative Contributions of Fungi and Bacteria to N2O Production

2014

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“…These processes occur both under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The composition of the soil microbial community exerts a strong effect on the pedosphere-atmosphere exchange of N 2 O (Bollag and Tung 1972;Smith and Tiedje 1979;Lloyd et al 1987;Skiba et al 1993;Conrad 1996). Soils which differ in the composition of denitrifier communities showed significant differences in the magnitude of N 2 O production and consumption (Munch 1989;Cheneby et al 1998;Cavigelli and Robertson 2001;Mei et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microclimate and forest management alter fungal-to-bacterial ratio and N2O-emission during rewetting in the forest floor and mineral soil of mountainous beech forests

Blagodatskaya

Dannenmann²,

Gasché³

et al. 2009

Biogeochemistry

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The effects of site exposure (microclimate) and forest management (thinning) on fungal-tobacterial (F:B) respiratory ratio and N 2 O emission from forest floor and Ah layer samples were studied at untreated and thinned beech forests. Microclimate effects were studied by selecting sites facing northeast (NE) or south-west (SW). The F:B respiratory ratio was estimated using substrate-induced respiration in combination with inhibitors either affecting fungi or bacteria. N 2 O production was evaluated after moistening samples initially pre-incubated at different moisture levels to 100% of the water holding capacity (WHC). F:B respiratory ratios were significantly affected by microclimate and thinning, with site exposure having the strongest effect on fungal-tobacterial ratio and N 2 O production both for the forest floor and the Ah layer. Significantly more N 2 O was produced from soils pre-incubated under low (15% WHC) moisture conditions as compared to soils preincubated under air dry (5% WHC) or wet conditions (30-60% WHC).

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“…Traits that favor the survival of fungi under the extreme conditions found in the radionuclide-contaminated acidic subsurface include facultative anaerobic growth, resistance to acidic pH, resistance to toxic metals, spore formation, and in some cases, radiation-enhanced growth (14,16). Additionally, previous research has also demonstrated a role of fungi in denitrification (17,18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fungi can denitrify nitrate or nitrite via nitric oxide to nitrous oxide or reduce nitrite to ammonium via dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) coupled to the oxidation of organic compounds (17,18,23). There is no evidence of the presence of nitrous oxide reductase and complete denitrification to N 2 in fungi, but fungi may produce N 2 through codenitrification (17,19,24).…”

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confidence: 99%

Watershed-Scale Fungal Community Characterization along a pH Gradient in a Subsurface Environment Cocontaminated with Uranium and Nitrate

Jasrotia

Green

Canion

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The objective of this study was to characterize fungal communities in a subsurface environment cocontaminated with uranium and nitrate at the watershed scale and to determine the potential contribution of fungi to contaminant transformation (nitrate attenuation). The abundance, distribution, and diversity of fungi in subsurface groundwater samples were determined using quantitative and semiquantitative molecular techniques, including quantitative PCR of eukaryotic small-subunit rRNA genes and pyrosequencing of fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Potential bacterial and fungal denitrification was assessed in sediment-groundwater slurries amended with antimicrobial compounds and in fungal pure cultures isolated from the subsurface. Our results demonstrate that subsurface fungal communities are dominated by members of the phylum Ascomycota, and a pronounced shift in fungal community composition occurs across the groundwater pH gradient at the field site, with lower diversity observed under acidic (pH <4.5) conditions. Fungal isolates recovered from subsurface sediments, including cultures of the genus Coniochaeta, which were detected in abundance in pyrosequence libraries of site groundwater samples, were shown to reduce nitrate to nitrous oxide. Denitrifying fungal isolates recovered from the site were classified and found to be distributed broadly within the phylum Ascomycota and within a single genus of the Basidiomycota. Potential denitrification rate assays with sediment-groundwater slurries showed the potential for subsurface fungi to reduce nitrate to nitrous oxide under in situ acidic pH conditions.

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Nitrous oxide release by soil fungi

Cited by 79 publications

References 10 publications

Soil Moisture and pH Control Relative Contributions of Fungi and Bacteria to N2O Production

Soil Moisture and pH Control Relative Contributions of Fungi and Bacteria to N2O Production

Microclimate and forest management alter fungal-to-bacterial ratio and N2O-emission during rewetting in the forest floor and mineral soil of mountainous beech forests

Watershed-Scale Fungal Community Characterization along a pH Gradient in a Subsurface Environment Cocontaminated with Uranium and Nitrate

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