NMR and Microelectrode Studies of Hydrodynamics and Kinetics in Biofilms

Lewandowski, Zbigniew; Altobelli, Stephen A.; Fukushima, Eiichi

doi:10.1021/bp00019a006

Cited by 96 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Biofilm's efficiency depends on the spatial structure and species' composition of the microbial communities that inhabit them (Davey, O'toole 2000). Both of these items, unless they are violated, ensure the proper functioning of the alive and dead elements of biofilm as a whole, which is consistent with the results of other authors (Lewandowski et al 1993;Moller et al 1996). In water and soil environment under the influence of mineral - nutrients -fertilizers both the quantity and species of microorganisms are in the realignment form that mainly starts growing microorganisms with high nutritional requirements, which are widespread in the environment (Koch 2001).…”

Section: Summary and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Slow Sand Filters as a part of integrated protection of seedlings against disease in forest nurseries

Oszako¹,

Kubiak²,

Siebyła³

et al. 2013

Forest Research Papers

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Abstract. Slow Sand Filters (SSF) are a biological method used to protect nursery plants, from pathogen infections which can cause serious diseases in many forest tree species. Thanks to SSF application the number of phytopathogens in nurseries can be significantly reduced, as demonstrated by many field and greenhouse experiments (e.g. in Polish nurseries, and for horticultural crops in Germany and The Netherlands).In this study, the effect of pollution from fertilizers and fungicides used in agriculture (e.g. PCNB) on the efficiency of SSFs was assessed. A quantitative analysis was performed of the copiotrophic and oligotrophic bacterial composition colonizing SSF biofilms. The efficiency with which selected Oomycete strains belonging to the genus Phytophthora (P. alni, P. cactorum, P. plurivora) were removed from water was determined based on genetic material (DNA of the organisms) found in the SSF filtrate. Specific primers and TaqMan probes (qPCR) appeared to be the most sensitive molecular methods. Moreover, the microbiological analysis of SSF biofilm performed with selective media allowed the growth of copiothrophic and oligothrophic bacteria to be estimated. The influence of fungicide (PCNB) and N-fertilizer on the number of bacteria in each biofilm was also evaluated.The pollution of water with fertilizer (being used for plant irrigation) was demonstrated to reduce the efficiency of filtration more than fungicide addition (the amount of DNA from those investigated pathogens in the water decreased with time). The amount of bacteria in SSF biofilm readily increased after application of N-fertilizer in contrast to fungicide (PCNB) addition.

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Section: Summary and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Slow Sand Filters as a part of integrated protection of seedlings against disease in forest nurseries

Oszako¹,

Kubiak²,

Siebyła³

et al. 2013

Forest Research Papers

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“…A versatile set of these noninvasive NMR techniques has been developed to study chemical and physical properties of small samples (1) and to allow spatial imaging of larger systems (22). Liquid velocity can be determined from spin-lattice relaxation time-weighted NMR data (21), and our determinations have shown that the flow velocity does not reach zero at the biofilm surface (16,17) and that fluid flow can be detected within biofilms (18). These data indicate that convective flow occurs within the water channels (Fig.…”

Section: Physical Probe Datamentioning

confidence: 72%

Biofilms, the customized microniche

et al. 1994

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“…Therefore, the channels are, in essence, the lifeline of the system, since they provide a means of circulating nutrients as well as exchanging metabolic products with the bulk fluid layer (45). For instance, in situ measurements of dissolved oxygen using microelectrodes revealed that oxygen is available in the biofilm as far down as the substrata, indicating that the channels are transporting the oxygenated bulk fluid throughout the biofilm to the surface (143). Also, in situ measurements of toluene degradation in a multispecies biofilm indicated that toluene was available to cells deep within the biofilm, indicating transport through channels (168).…”

Section: Biofilm Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Biofilms: from Ecology to Molecular Genetics

Davey

O’Toole

2000

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

2,628

1,794

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SUMMARY Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms attached to surfaces or associated with interfaces. Despite the focus of modern microbiology research on pure culture, planktonic (free-swimming) bacteria, it is now widely recognized that most bacteria found in natural, clinical, and industrial settings persist in association with surfaces. Furthermore, these microbial communities are often composed of multiple species that interact with each other and their environment. The determination of biofilm architecture, particularly the spatial arrangement of microcolonies (clusters of cells) relative to one another, has profound implications for the function of these complex communities. Numerous new experimental approaches and methodologies have been developed in order to explore metabolic interactions, phylogenetic groupings, and competition among members of the biofilm. To complement this broad view of biofilm ecology, individual organisms have been studied using molecular genetics in order to identify the genes required for biofilm development and to dissect the regulatory pathways that control the plankton-to-biofilm transition. These molecular genetic studies have led to the emergence of the concept of biofilm formation as a novel system for the study of bacterial development. The recent explosion in the field of biofilm research has led to exciting progress in the development of new technologies for studying these communities, advanced our understanding of the ecological significance of surface-attached bacteria, and provided new insights into the molecular genetic basis of biofilm development.

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NMR and Microelectrode Studies of Hydrodynamics and Kinetics in Biofilms

Cited by 96 publications

References 17 publications

Slow Sand Filters as a part of integrated protection of seedlings against disease in forest nurseries

Slow Sand Filters as a part of integrated protection of seedlings against disease in forest nurseries

Biofilms, the customized microniche

Microbial Biofilms: from Ecology to Molecular Genetics

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