No Increase in Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-Specific CD8⁺T Cells in Patients with HIV-1-HBV Coinfections following HBV-Active Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Abstract

Following treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) monoinfection, HBV-specific T-cell responses increasesignificantly; however, little is known about the recovery of HBV-specific T-cell responses following HBV-active highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-HBV coinfected patients. HIV-HBV coinfected patients who were treatment naïve and initiating HBV-active HAART were recruited as part of a prospective cohort study in Thailand and followed for 48 weeks (n ‫؍‬ 24). Production of gamma interferon (IFN-␥) and tumor necrosis factor ␣ (TNF-␣) in both HBV-and HIV-specific CD8؉ T cells was quantified using intracellular cytokine staining on whole blood. Following HBV-active HAART, the median (interquartile range) log decline from week 0 to week 48 for HBV DNA was 5.8 log (range, 3.4 to 6.7) IU/ml, and for HIV RNA it was 3.1 (range, 2.9 to 3.5) log copies/ml (P < 0.

Higher prevalence of Hepatitis B virus Infection among ARV- exposed than naive HIV-infected individuals in North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia

“…The result was similar to the study of Chang and colleagues who found HBV to have no effect on CD4 cell loss after initiation of ART (Chang et al, 2005). Other cohort studies in Thailand and Nigeria also showed that CD4 lymphocyte increments were similar regardless of hepatitis B status (Puoti et al, 2002;Hoffmann and Thio, 2007;Crane et al, 2010). The repression of HBV effect on CD4 recovery after initiation of ART could be the result of treatment boosting immunity and consequently activation by the HBV suppressive action.…”

Hepatitis B Virus Co-Infection: Yet Another Reason for Early Initiation of Treatment in HIV Infected Individuals

“…In Thailand, a cohort study showed that CD4 lymphocyte increases were similar regardless of hepatitis B status. A similar absolute CD4 cell rise between HBsAg positive and negative individuals who are started HAART was also found in Nigeria [6,15,16,19]. In this group high baseline CD4 cell level (>50 cells/mm 3 ) and long duration of therapy (more than 2 years) were found to boost patients CD4 cells, (P < 0.001).…”

Augmentation of Hepatitis B Virus-Specific Cellular Immunity with Programmed Death Receptor-1/Programmed Death Receptor-L1 Blockade in Hepatitis B Virus and HIV/Hepatitis B Virus Coinfected Patients Treated with Adefovir

“…While other studies have suggested reconstitution of HBV-specific immunity in CHB patients, 32,33 our study supports previous literature indicating that this reconstitution is delayed or never complete in HIV-infected CHB patients. 24 We also demonstrated that while a decline in HBV DNA levels is accompanied by a reduction in peripheral Treg cells and improved HBV-specific immunity, the CMV-and HIVspecific CD8…”

“…The magnitude of patient responses was calculated as the sum of the percentage of CD8 + cytokine-positive T cells for peptide pools. 24 Supplementary Fig. S1 (Supplementary Data are available online at www.liebertpub.com/aid) shows the gating strategy for detecting and quantifying HBV-specific CD8 + T cell responses.…”